Alona
Generic Name
Alonac Sodium
Manufacturer
Fictional Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| alona 100 mg tablet | ৳ 4.01 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Alona 100 mg Tablet is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the relief of pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by various conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute musculoskeletal disorders. It works by selectively inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme, which is responsible for prostaglandin synthesis, leading to reduced inflammation and pain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
100 mg once or twice daily, or as directed by physician. Maximum recommended daily dose is 200 mg.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually required, but caution should be exercised due to increased risk of adverse effects. Start with the lowest effective dose.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Dose reduction may be necessary in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min). Avoid in severe renal failure.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably with food or immediately after meals, to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Alonac Sodium is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It inhibits the production of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation and pain. By selectively inhibiting COX-2, it reduces the adverse gastrointestinal effects associated with non-selective NSAIDs that also inhibit COX-1.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Analgesic effect usually starts within 1-2 hours; full anti-inflammatory effect may take longer (several days to a week).
Excretion
Mainly excreted in the urine (approximately 60%) and feces (approximately 40%) as metabolites and a small percentage of unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 8-12 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; peak plasma concentrations reached within 2-4 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, particularly CYP2C9.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Alonac Sodium, aspirin, or other NSAIDs
- History of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation related to previous NSAID therapy
- Active or recurrent peptic ulcer/hemorrhage
- Severe heart failure, severe renal failure, or severe hepatic failure
- Third trimester of pregnancy
- Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery peri-operative pain
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased plasma lithium levels, leading to potential toxicity.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate plasma levels, potentially leading to toxicity.
ACE Inhibitors/ARBs
Reduced antihypertensive effect and increased risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly or volume-depleted patients.
Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Reduced diuretic and antihypertensive effect, and increased risk of renal impairment.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to additive antiplatelet effects and potential displacement from plasma protein binding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Rare cases of hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma have occurred. Management is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Gastric decontamination (e.g., activated charcoal or gastric lavage) may be considered within an hour of ingestion. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (first and second trimesters); avoid in third trimester (Category D) due to potential for premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Use during lactation is generally not recommended as NSAIDs can be excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the infant. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Alonac Sodium, aspirin, or other NSAIDs
- History of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation related to previous NSAID therapy
- Active or recurrent peptic ulcer/hemorrhage
- Severe heart failure, severe renal failure, or severe hepatic failure
- Third trimester of pregnancy
- Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery peri-operative pain
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased plasma lithium levels, leading to potential toxicity.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate plasma levels, potentially leading to toxicity.
ACE Inhibitors/ARBs
Reduced antihypertensive effect and increased risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly or volume-depleted patients.
Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Reduced diuretic and antihypertensive effect, and increased risk of renal impairment.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to additive antiplatelet effects and potential displacement from plasma protein binding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Rare cases of hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma have occurred. Management is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Gastric decontamination (e.g., activated charcoal or gastric lavage) may be considered within an hour of ingestion. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (first and second trimesters); avoid in third trimester (Category D) due to potential for premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Use during lactation is generally not recommended as NSAIDs can be excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the infant. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Hypothetically approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., DGDA)
Patent Status
Hypothetically patent protected
Clinical Trials
Hypothetical clinical trials demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing pain and inflammation in various musculoskeletal conditions, with a favorable gastrointestinal safety profile compared to non-selective NSAIDs. Phase III trials involved over 2000 patients.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) periodically, especially with long-term use, to monitor for anemia or other hematologic abnormalities.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) periodically.
- Renal function tests (serum creatinine, BUN) periodically, especially in elderly or patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Assess cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risk factors before prescribing Alona.
- Prescribe the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration.
- Regularly monitor renal function, liver enzymes, and blood pressure during long-term therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Report any unusual bleeding, stomach pain, or black stools immediately.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Alona may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or visual disturbances in some individuals. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking Alona due to increased risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
- Maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise if advised by your doctor for managing pain conditions.
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