Ampirex
Generic Name
Ampicillin
Manufacturer
Medilife Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ampirex 500 mg injection | ৳ 22.49 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ampirex 500 mg Injection contains Ampicillin, a penicillin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections like respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and septicemia.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult dosage ranges from 250 mg to 2 g every 6 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. Administered intravenously or intramuscularly.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients with normal renal function. Dose should be adjusted based on renal status.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be reduced in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min). Consult specific guidelines for dosage intervals.
How to Take
For IV administration, reconstitute the powder with sterile water for injection and administer slowly over 10-15 minutes or as an infusion. For IM administration, reconstitute and inject deep into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Ampicillin acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial lysis and death. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located within the bacterial cell wall, which are essential for peptidoglycan synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapidly achieved peak plasma concentrations after IV administration, typically within minutes.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. A small amount is excreted in bile.
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration. Oral absorption is incomplete and variable.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ampicillin or any other penicillin antibiotic
- History of severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to beta-lactam antibiotics
- Infectious mononucleosis (increases risk of skin rash)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs plasma levels of ampicillin by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with ampicillin.
Tetracyclines
May interfere with the bactericidal effect of ampicillin.
Oral Contraceptives
Ampicillin may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora.
Storage
Store the powder below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or stored as per specific instructions (e.g., refrigerate for a short period).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions in rare cases. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and, if necessary, hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ampicillin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy (Category B). Small amounts are excreted in breast milk, but generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, though infant sensitization or diarrhea may occur. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ampicillin or any other penicillin antibiotic
- History of severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to beta-lactam antibiotics
- Infectious mononucleosis (increases risk of skin rash)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs plasma levels of ampicillin by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with ampicillin.
Tetracyclines
May interfere with the bactericidal effect of ampicillin.
Oral Contraceptives
Ampicillin may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora.
Storage
Store the powder below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or stored as per specific instructions (e.g., refrigerate for a short period).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions in rare cases. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and, if necessary, hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ampicillin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy (Category B). Small amounts are excreted in breast milk, but generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, though infant sensitization or diarrhea may occur. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months when stored as per manufacturer's instructions. Reconstituted solution has a shorter shelf life.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ampicillin has undergone extensive clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in treating a wide range of bacterial infections. Ongoing surveillance studies confirm its continued utility.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (for prolonged therapy or renal impairment)
- Complete blood count (CBC) (for prolonged therapy)
- Liver function tests (periodically)
Doctor Notes
- Assess for penicillin allergy prior to administration.
- Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile infection if diarrhea develops during or after treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing, immediately.
- Do not share this medication with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Ampicillin generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or severe allergic reactions, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during the course of antibiotics.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent further infections.
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