Apidra
Generic Name
Insulin Glulisine (rDNA origin) 100 Units/mL
Manufacturer
Sanofi
Country
France
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| apidra 100 unit injection | ৳ 948.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Apidra is a rapid-acting human insulin analog used to improve glycemic control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Individualized based on metabolic needs, blood glucose monitoring, and HbA1c target. Typically administered subcutaneously 0-15 minutes before a meal or within 20 minutes after starting a meal.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients, but monitor closely due to potential for renal/hepatic impairment and increased sensitivity to insulin.
Renal_impairment
May require dose adjustment due to decreased insulin clearance; close glucose monitoring is essential.
How to Take
Administer subcutaneously into the abdominal wall, thigh, or deltoid. Rotate injection sites within the same region to reduce the risk of lipodystrophy. Should be given 0-15 minutes before a meal or within 20 minutes after starting a meal.
Mechanism of Action
Binds to insulin receptors, lowering blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and liver, and by inhibiting hepatic glucose production.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
10-20 minutes
Excretion
Mainly renal excretion.
Half life
Approximately 1-2 hours
Absorption
Rapid absorption after subcutaneous injection.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic and renal metabolism.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypoglycemia
- Hypersensitivity to insulin glulisine or any of its excipients
Drug Interactions
May Potentiate or Weaken
Beta-blockers, clonidine, lithium salts, alcohol (beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia).
Decreased Hypoglycemic Effect
Corticosteroids, niacin, danazol, diuretics, sympathomimetic agents, growth hormone, thyroid hormones, atypical antipsychotics, protease inhibitors.
Increased Hypoglycemic Effect
Oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, pentoxifylline, propoxyphene, salicylates, somatostatin analogs, sulfa antibiotics.
Storage
Unopened: Store in a refrigerator (2°C-8°C). Do not freeze. Opened (in-use): Store at room temperature (below 25°C-30°C, depending on region) for up to 28 days. Protect from light and heat.
Overdose
Insulin overdose can lead to hypoglycemia. Mild episodes can be managed with oral glucose. Severe episodes may require parenteral glucose (IV dextrose) or glucagon.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category B (FDA). Use with caution; close monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential. Insulin requirements may change during pregnancy and lactation. Consult a healthcare professional.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypoglycemia
- Hypersensitivity to insulin glulisine or any of its excipients
Drug Interactions
May Potentiate or Weaken
Beta-blockers, clonidine, lithium salts, alcohol (beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia).
Decreased Hypoglycemic Effect
Corticosteroids, niacin, danazol, diuretics, sympathomimetic agents, growth hormone, thyroid hormones, atypical antipsychotics, protease inhibitors.
Increased Hypoglycemic Effect
Oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, pentoxifylline, propoxyphene, salicylates, somatostatin analogs, sulfa antibiotics.
Storage
Unopened: Store in a refrigerator (2°C-8°C). Do not freeze. Opened (in-use): Store at room temperature (below 25°C-30°C, depending on region) for up to 28 days. Protect from light and heat.
Overdose
Insulin overdose can lead to hypoglycemia. Mild episodes can be managed with oral glucose. Severe episodes may require parenteral glucose (IV dextrose) or glucagon.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category B (FDA). Use with caution; close monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential. Insulin requirements may change during pregnancy and lactation. Consult a healthcare professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unopened: 2-3 years (refer to package for exact date). Opened (in-use): 28 days.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Patent expired in key markets
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of insulin glulisine in improving glycemic control in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes patients, in various age groups and with different administration methods.
Lab Monitoring
- Fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels
- HbA1c (every 3-6 months)
- Serum potassium (if hypokalemia is suspected or risk factors are present)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize individualized dosing based on patient's lifestyle, diet, and glucose monitoring results.
- Educate patients thoroughly on hypoglycemia recognition and management.
- Stress the importance of proper injection technique and rotation of injection sites to prevent complications.
- Consider patient-specific factors such as renal/hepatic function when adjusting doses.
Patient Guidelines
- Learn proper injection technique and rotate injection sites.
- Monitor blood glucose levels regularly as advised by your doctor.
- Understand the symptoms of hypoglycemia and how to treat it.
- Carry a source of fast-acting carbohydrate to treat hypoglycemia.
- Store insulin correctly.
Missed Dose Advice
If a mealtime dose is missed, blood glucose should be checked, and the next dose adjusted accordingly, or consult a healthcare professional. Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed dose.
Driving Precautions
Patients with diabetes, especially those on insulin, should be aware of the risk of hypoglycemia and its potential to impair concentration and reaction time. Take precautions while driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet and engage in regular physical activity.
- Avoid smoking and moderate alcohol intake.
- Maintain a healthy body weight.
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