Atrex
Generic Name
Hydroxyzine
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| atrex 40 mg syrup | ৳ 10.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Atrex (Hydroxyzine) is a first-generation antihistamine with sedative, anxiolytic, and antiemetic properties. It is primarily used to treat itching caused by allergies, anxiety, and as a preoperative sedative.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For anxiety: 50-100 mg daily in divided doses. For pruritus: 25 mg, 3-4 times daily.
Elderly
Initial dose should be reduced by half (e.g., 25 mg daily) due to increased sensitivity and reduced elimination.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment required based on creatinine clearance; typically reduced by 50% for severe impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Hydroxyzine acts as an antagonist at H1 histamine receptors, thereby blocking the action of histamine. It also has anticholinergic and mild antiserotonergic activity, contributing to its sedative and anxiolytic effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Sedative effects usually begin within 15-30 minutes.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine, some in feces.
Half life
Approximately 20 hours (range 7-20 hours) in adults.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, into its active metabolite, Cetirizine.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to hydroxyzine, cetirizine, or any components
- Early pregnancy (first trimester)
- Porphyria
- Known or acquired QT interval prolongation
Drug Interactions
Alcohol and other CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids)
Increased sedation and CNS depression.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics, some antibiotics)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias. Concomitant use is generally contraindicated.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light.
Overdose
Symptoms include severe sedation, confusion, hypotension, tachycardia, and potentially seizures. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care, gastric lavage if recent ingestion, and monitoring vital signs.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Not recommended during early pregnancy due to potential fetal harm. Not recommended during lactation as hydroxyzine and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by FDA/DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
Clinical Trials
Extensively studied for its antihistaminic, anxiolytic, and sedative effects in various clinical settings since its introduction.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine lab monitoring required. ECG monitoring may be considered for patients with cardiac risk factors or concomitant QT-prolonging drugs.
Doctor Notes
- Caution in elderly due to increased risk of anticholinergic effects and sedation.
- Monitor for QT prolongation, especially with cardiac risk factors or concomitant medications.
- Not for long-term use in anxiety; consider other options.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
- Avoid alcohol and other sedatives.
- Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness and dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid activities requiring mental alertness initially.
- Maintain good hydration to counter dry mouth.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.