Augmentin
Generic Name
Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium (for injection)
Manufacturer
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
Country
United Kingdom (original), various for generics
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| augment 1 gm injection | ৳ 300.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Augment 1gm injection is a broad-spectrum antibiotic containing amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, especially those caused by beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, which are resistant to amoxicillin alone.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
1 gm Amoxicillin / 200 mg Clavulanic Acid administered intravenously every 8 hours. In severe infections, every 6 hours.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment for elderly with normal renal function. Adjust for renal impairment as per adults.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment required based on creatinine clearance (e.g., CrCl 10-30 mL/min: 1g/200mg initially, then 500mg/100mg every 12 hours; CrCl <10 mL/min: 1g/200mg initially, then 500mg/100mg every 24 hours).
How to Take
Administer intravenously by slow injection over 3-4 minutes or by infusion over 30-40 minutes after reconstitution. Do not administer intramuscularly.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that prevents beta-lactamase enzymes from inactivating amoxicillin, thus extending its antibacterial spectrum.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (within minutes for IV administration).
Excretion
Primarily renal (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion) for both components.
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1-1.5 hours; Clavulanic acid: approximately 1 hour.
Absorption
Rapid and complete systemic absorption after intravenous administration.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin undergoes limited metabolism; Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, or any penicillin.
- History of severe allergic reaction to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporins).
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion. Concomitant use is not recommended.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion. Monitoring is recommended.
Oral Anticoagulants
Prolongation of prothrombin time (INR) has been reported in patients receiving amoxicillin/clavulanate and oral anticoagulants. Careful monitoring is required.
Storage
Store dry powder below 25°C in a dry place, protected from light. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be stored as per manufacturer's instructions and used promptly.
Overdose
Symptoms may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. Management is supportive, and hemodialysis may be used to remove the drug from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanate are excreted into breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, or any penicillin.
- History of severe allergic reaction to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporins).
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion. Concomitant use is not recommended.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion. Monitoring is recommended.
Oral Anticoagulants
Prolongation of prothrombin time (INR) has been reported in patients receiving amoxicillin/clavulanate and oral anticoagulants. Careful monitoring is required.
Storage
Store dry powder below 25°C in a dry place, protected from light. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be stored as per manufacturer's instructions and used promptly.
Overdose
Symptoms may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. Management is supportive, and hemodialysis may be used to remove the drug from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanate are excreted into breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for unopened vials, check specific batch expiry. Reconstituted solution has limited stability (e.g., 2-4 hours at room temperature, 8 hours refrigerated).
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic versions available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied and validated in numerous clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating efficacy and safety for indicated bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially in prolonged therapy or pre-existing liver disease)
- Renal function tests (for dosage adjustment)
- Complete blood count (in prolonged therapy)
Doctor Notes
- Crucial for treating beta-lactamase producing strains. Always confirm susceptibility if possible.
- Monitor liver function, especially in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or prolonged therapy.
- Adjust dose in renal impairment. Be aware of potential for C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any signs of allergic reaction immediately (e.g., rash, swelling, difficulty breathing).
- Do not discontinue treatment early, even if symptoms improve.
- Inform healthcare provider if you experience severe diarrhea, especially if bloody.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine can cause dizziness in some patients. If affected, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Rest as needed to support recovery.
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