Axinat
Generic Name
Axinat 25 mcg Inhaler
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| axinat 25 mcg inhaler | ৳ 192.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Axinat 25 mcg Inhaler contains Salmeterol, a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA). It is used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Two actuations (25 mcg per actuation) twice daily (morning and evening), approximately 12 hours apart.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
For oral inhalation only. Shake the inhaler well before each use. Prime the inhaler by spraying 4 times into the air if not used for more than 5 days or if it's new. Follow proper inhalation technique as instructed by a healthcare professional.
Mechanism of Action
Salmeterol is a selective, long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist. When inhaled, it binds to beta2-receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, leading to increased intracellular cyclic AMP levels, which relaxes the smooth muscle and causes bronchodilation. Its long lipophilic side chain allows it to remain in the cell membrane for an extended period, resulting in its prolonged duration of action.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Bronchodilating effect begins within 10-20 minutes, with peak effect within 2 hours.
Excretion
Excreted predominantly via feces (approximately 60%) and urine (approximately 25%) over 72 hours.
Half life
Approximately 5.5 hours.
Absorption
Systemic absorption is low following inhaled administration; a small fraction is absorbed from the lungs.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver via hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) to an alpha-hydroxysalmeterol metabolite.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episodes of asthma or COPD where intensive measures are required.
- Patients with known hypersensitivity to Salmeterol or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Other Sympathomimetic Agents
Concurrent use may potentiate adverse cardiovascular effects. Avoid.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers
May diminish or antagonize the effect of Salmeterol. Avoid concomitant use, especially non-selective beta-blockers.
Potent CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Ritonavir)
May increase Salmeterol systemic exposure. Use with caution.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
May potentiate the effect of Salmeterol on the cardiovascular system. Use with extreme caution.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from direct sunlight and frost. Do not freeze. Do not puncture or incinerate the canister, even when empty.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tremor, headache, tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, hypertension, and hypokalemia. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including cardiovascular monitoring and potassium supplementation if necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if Salmeterol is excreted in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episodes of asthma or COPD where intensive measures are required.
- Patients with known hypersensitivity to Salmeterol or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Other Sympathomimetic Agents
Concurrent use may potentiate adverse cardiovascular effects. Avoid.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers
May diminish or antagonize the effect of Salmeterol. Avoid concomitant use, especially non-selective beta-blockers.
Potent CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Ritonavir)
May increase Salmeterol systemic exposure. Use with caution.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
May potentiate the effect of Salmeterol on the cardiovascular system. Use with extreme caution.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from direct sunlight and frost. Do not freeze. Do not puncture or incinerate the canister, even when empty.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tremor, headache, tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, hypertension, and hypokalemia. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including cardiovascular monitoring and potassium supplementation if necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if Salmeterol is excreted in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture when stored correctly.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Salmeterol has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for the maintenance treatment of asthma and COPD. Key trials have established its role as a LABA, often in combination with inhaled corticosteroids for asthma.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine laboratory monitoring is typically required. Monitor serum potassium levels if hypokalemia is a concern, especially in patients receiving concomitant diuretics.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize that Axinat is for maintenance therapy, not for acute bronchospasm. Patients must be prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid along with Axinat for asthma.
- Educate patients on proper inhaler technique and the importance of regular use as prescribed.
Patient Guidelines
- Use Axinat regularly as prescribed, even if you feel well. Do not use for sudden breathing problems; always carry a fast-acting rescue inhaler for acute symptoms.
- Rinse your mouth with water and spit it out after each dose to reduce the risk of oral thrush (fungal infection).
- Ensure proper inhaler technique to maximize drug delivery to the lungs. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for a demonstration.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take the next dose at the regularly scheduled time. Do not take an extra dose to make up for the missed one. Never take more than two actuations twice daily.
Driving Precautions
Axinat is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness or tremor occur, caution should be exercised.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid exposure to known asthma triggers like dust, pollen, smoke, and pet dander.
- Quitting smoking can significantly improve lung health and treatment effectiveness.
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise (as tolerated) and a balanced diet.
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