B3
Generic Name
Niacin
Manufacturer
Various generic manufacturers
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| b3 100 mg tablet | ৳ 7.00 | ৳ 70.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Niacin, also known as Vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and antioxidant activity. It is used to prevent and treat niacin deficiency (pellagra) and, in higher doses, to lower cholesterol and triglycerides.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For Niacin deficiency: 50-100 mg orally 3-4 times daily. For dyslipidemia: Doses typically start at 500 mg once daily and can be titrated up to 1-2 grams daily (usually with extended-release formulations), 100 mg is generally not sufficient for primary lipid-lowering.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but caution with potential for increased adverse effects and co-morbidities. Monitor closely.
Renal_impairment
Caution and dosage adjustment may be needed in severe renal impairment. Monitor liver function and renal parameters.
How to Take
Administer orally, preferably with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset and flushing. For extended-release forms, do not crush, chew, or break tablets.
Mechanism of Action
Niacin is converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which are coenzymes involved in numerous metabolic redox reactions. In lipid metabolism, it primarily inhibits the synthesis of VLDL in the liver, leading to reduced LDL and triglyceride levels, and increases HDL cholesterol.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
For lipid effects, several weeks of treatment may be required. For vitamin deficiency, effects may be seen within days.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine as metabolites and unchanged niacin.
Half life
Approximately 20-60 minutes (variable depending on dose and formulation).
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the stomach and small intestine. Peak plasma levels occur within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily to nicotinuric acid and nicotinamide.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Active peptic ulcer disease
- •Arterial hemorrhage
- •Severe hypotension
- •Hypersensitivity to niacin or any component of the formulation
- •Significant liver disease
- •Unexplained persistent elevated liver enzymes
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
May increase flushing and risk of liver damage.
Aspirin
May exacerbate flushing.
Antihypertensive drugs
May potentiate the hypotensive effect, leading to orthostatic hypotension.
Statins (e.g., simvastatin)
Increased risk of myopathy/rhabdomyolysis, especially with high doses of Niacin.
Bile acid sequestrants (e.g., colestipol)
May bind Niacin and reduce its absorption. Administer Niacin several hours apart.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe flushing, gastrointestinal upset, pruritus, and potentially liver damage. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered if recent ingestion.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Niacin crosses the placenta. Use only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks. Caution in lactating women; Niacin is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, drugstores, supermarkets
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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