Bactriben
Generic Name
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim
Manufacturer
Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| bactriben 2 w ointment | ৳ 180.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Bactriben is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent composed of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. It is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, used for treating various bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For most infections, 2 tablets (800 mg sulfamethoxazole / 160 mg trimethoprim) every 12 hours, or 1 tablet (400 mg sulfamethoxazole / 80 mg trimethoprim) every 6-8 hours, for 5-14 days depending on infection.
Elderly
Dosage may need to be adjusted based on renal function. Monitor carefully for adverse effects.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be reduced for patients with creatinine clearance 15-30 mL/min. Not recommended for creatinine clearance <15 mL/min.
How to Take
Take orally with a full glass of water, with or without food. It is recommended to take with food if stomach upset occurs.
Mechanism of Action
Sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate synthesis, and trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. This sequential blockade of two different steps in bacterial folic acid metabolism leads to a synergistic bactericidal effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial effect typically observed within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Excreted mainly by the kidneys, both unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Sulfamethoxazole: 10-12 hours; Trimethoprim: 8-10 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, with peak plasma concentrations occurring 1-4 hours after administration.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver (acetylation and glucuronidation).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, or any sulfonamide.
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <15 mL/min) if plasma concentrations cannot be monitored.
- Severe hepatic impairment.
- Megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency.
- Infants less than 2 months of age.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, leading to increased bleeding risk.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate toxicity (e.g., bone marrow suppression).
ACE inhibitors
Increased risk of hyperkalemia.
Diuretics (especially thiazides)
Increased risk of thrombocytopenia, especially in elderly.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture.
Overdose
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, mental depression, and crystalluria. Management involves gastric lavage, emesis, urinary alkalinization to increase sulfonamide excretion, and fluid administration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C/D. Avoid in late pregnancy due to potential for kernicterus in newborns. Use with caution during lactation; small amounts are excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in all pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in various bacterial infections since its introduction.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) including platelets (especially in elderly or with prolonged use)
- Renal function tests (BUN, creatinine)
- Liver function tests
Doctor Notes
- Ensure patient completes the full antibiotic course to minimize resistance.
- Monitor renal function and CBC, especially in elderly or those with pre-existing renal impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria.
- Report any severe skin rash, persistent sore throat, or unusual bleeding/bruising to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
This medication may cause dizziness or drowsiness in some individuals. If affected, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure as sulfonamides can cause photosensitivity.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.