Adults

Adults and adolescents: 10 ml (2 teaspoonfuls) 1-2 times daily or as directed by the physician.

Infants

Infants below 1 year: Not recommended without medical consultation. If prescribed, typically 2.5 ml once daily.

Children

Children (1-5 years): 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 1-2 times daily. Children (6-12 years): 10 ml (2 teaspoonfuls) 1-2 times daily or as directed by the physician.

Onset

Nutritional benefits are usually observed over days to weeks with consistent use.

Excretion

Zinc is primarily excreted via feces, with minor renal excretion. B vitamins and their metabolites are primarily excreted renally.

Half life

Zinc's half-life varies, typically several hours to days depending on tissue distribution. Water-soluble B vitamins generally have short half-lives (hours) and are rapidly excreted.

Absorption

Zinc is absorbed primarily in the small intestine, with absorption varying based on dietary factors. B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Metabolism

Zinc is largely protein-bound and stored in various tissues. B vitamins are metabolized in the liver to their active coenzyme forms.

Levodopa

High doses of pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa (used in Parkinson's disease).

Penicillamine

Zinc may decrease the absorption of penicillamine.

Iron supplements

High doses of zinc can interfere with iron absorption, and vice versa. Administer at different times.

Tetracycline antibiotics

Zinc can reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline) if taken concurrently. Separate administration by at least 2-3 hours.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotics

Similar to tetracyclines, zinc can reduce the absorption of fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin). Separate administration by at least 2-3 hours.