Calos-D
Generic Name
Calcium Carbonate + Vitamin D3
Manufacturer
Example: Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| calos d 500 mg tablet | ৳ 4.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Calos-D 500 mg Tablet is a combination medicine containing Calcium Carbonate and Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol). It is used to prevent and treat calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, which are essential for strong bones and teeth, nerve function, and muscle contraction. It plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density and preventing osteoporosis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically, 1-2 tablets daily, or as directed by physician. Should be taken with meals.
Elderly
Same as adults, with caution in those with renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
Caution advised; dosage adjustment may be necessary. Monitor calcium and phosphate levels. Avoid in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Oral administration. Tablets should be swallowed whole with water, preferably with meals to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal upset.
Mechanism of Action
Calcium Carbonate provides elemental calcium, which is vital for bone mineralization, nerve transmission, muscle function, and blood coagulation. Vitamin D3 facilitates the absorption of calcium from the gut, regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the body, and promotes bone formation and mineralization. Together, they help maintain calcium homeostasis and bone health.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects on bone density and calcium levels are gradual, observed over weeks to months.
Excretion
Calcium is primarily excreted in feces (unabsorbed calcium) and urine (absorbed calcium). Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are mainly excreted in bile and feces, with a smaller amount in urine.
Half life
Calcium has a varying half-life depending on its metabolic state. Vitamin D3's half-life (as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3) is about 15 days; active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) is 4-6 hours.
Absorption
Calcium carbonate is absorbed in the small intestine, primarily in the duodenum, via active transport and passive diffusion. Absorption is enhanced by Vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 is absorbed from the small intestine, then hydroxylated in the liver (to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3) and kidneys (to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, calcitriol, the active form).
Metabolism
Calcium is not metabolized. Vitamin D3 is metabolized in the liver and kidneys to its active forms and subsequently inactivated metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypercalcaemia
- •Hypercalciuria
- •Severe renal impairment
- •Hypersensitivity to calcium carbonate or Vitamin D3
- •Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)
- •Hyperparathyroidism
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Hypercalcaemia may potentiate digoxin toxicity. Monitor cardiac function and calcium levels.
Bisphosphonates
Calcium can interfere with absorption. Administer at least 30 minutes to 1 hour after bisphosphonates.
Thiazide diuretics
May increase the risk of hypercalcaemia due to decreased urinary calcium excretion.
Tetracycline and Quinolone antibiotics
Calcium can decrease the absorption of these antibiotics. Administer at least 2-3 hours apart.
Thyroid hormones (e.g., Levothyroxine)
Calcium may reduce absorption. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, nausea, vomiting, constipation, thirst, polyuria, anorexia, weakness, and fatigue. Severe cases can lead to renal impairment, cardiac arrhythmias, and coma. Treatment involves discontinuation of the drug, hydration, and management of hypercalcaemia as per medical protocol.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally considered safe and often recommended for calcium and Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation, as both are essential for fetal/infant bone development. However, doses should be within recommended daily allowances and under medical supervision to avoid hypercalcaemia.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, drugstores, supermarkets
Approval Status
Approved by health authorities worldwide (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic (Off-patent)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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