Cephalor
Generic Name
Cefaclor
Manufacturer
Various Manufacturers
Country
Global (Developed in USA)
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cephalor 125 mg suspension | ৳ 81.50 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefaclor is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those of the respiratory tract, skin, urinary tract, and middle ear. It works by preventing the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Oral suspension is primarily used for pediatric patients. For adult infections, higher strength capsules or tablets (e.g., 250 mg or 500 mg every 8 hours) are typically prescribed. Consult physician for appropriate adult use of suspension.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but dosage adjustment may be necessary in the presence of impaired renal function. Monitor renal function.
Children
For infants (>1 month) and children, the usual recommended dosage is 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours. For more severe infections, otitis media, or infections caused by less susceptible organisms, 40 mg/kg/day may be administered, up to a maximum of 1 g/day.
Renal_impairment
For patients with severely impaired renal function (creatinine clearance 10-50 mL/min), no dosage adjustment is generally required. However, for severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), the dosage should be reduced. Consult physician.
How to Take
Cephalor suspension should be shaken well before each use. It can be taken with or without food. Take the full prescribed course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
Mechanism of Action
Cefaclor is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid onset of action, typically within 1 hour.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 60-85% of the dose is excreted in urine within 8 hours.
Half life
Approximately 0.5-1 hour in individuals with normal renal function.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (approximately 75-85%). Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 30-60 minutes.
Metabolism
Not extensively metabolized in the body. A small portion may be metabolized to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefaclor or any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Inhibits renal tubular secretion of cefaclor, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefaclor.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concomitant use, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased prothrombin time/INR, potentially leading to increased bleeding risk. Monitor coagulation parameters.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C) away from moisture and light. After reconstitution, keep refrigerated (2-8°C) and do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. Management is primarily supportive, including gastric lavage or emesis. Activated charcoal may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefaclor is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefaclor or any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Inhibits renal tubular secretion of cefaclor, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefaclor.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concomitant use, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased prothrombin time/INR, potentially leading to increased bleeding risk. Monitor coagulation parameters.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C) away from moisture and light. After reconstitution, keep refrigerated (2-8°C) and do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. Management is primarily supportive, including gastric lavage or emesis. Activated charcoal may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefaclor is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for dry powder. Reconstituted suspension is stable for 14 days when refrigerated (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (Generic)
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Cefaclor is a well-established antibiotic. Its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials conducted since its introduction. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its use and safety profile.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic assessment of renal function is advised during prolonged therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) may be monitored in prolonged therapy.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize to patients the importance of completing the full course of therapy, even if symptoms improve.
- Advise parents/caregivers on proper measurement and administration of the suspension.
- Be aware of potential cross-allergenicity with penicillins.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the entire course of medication as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better.
- Do not save medication for future infections or share it with others.
- Shake the suspension well before each use.
- Store the reconstituted suspension in the refrigerator.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefaclor is generally not expected to impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, patients should avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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