Ciprozid
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ciprozid 03 eye drop | ৳ 50.00 | N/A |
| ciprozid 250 mg tablet | ৳ 8.50 | ৳ 85.00 |
| ciprozid 750 mg tablet | ৳ 18.00 | ৳ 180.00 |
| ciprozid 200 mg injection | ৳ 70.00 | N/A |
| ciprozid 250 mg suspension | ৳ 100.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. It is used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, bone, and joint infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250 mg to 750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the severity and type of infection. Treatment duration varies.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment based on age alone; however, renal function should be assessed, and dosage adjusted if necessary.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 30-60 mL/min, 250-500 mg every 12 hours. For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min, 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Can be taken with or without food. Avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. Drink plenty of fluids.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Excreted primarily via the kidneys (renal excretion 50-70%) and to a lesser extent via the feces (15-30%).
Half life
Plasma half-life is typically 3-5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed after oral administration, bioavailability is about 70-80%.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver (approx. 15-30%) via CYP450 system to less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones
- Co-administration with tizanidine
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, leading to bleeding risk.
Tizanidine
Increased risk of hypotension and somnolence.
Theophylline
Increased plasma concentrations of theophylline, leading to toxicity.
Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin.
Storage
Store at room temperature (below 30°C). Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be considered. Symptomatic and supportive treatment should be given. Maintain adequate hydration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential effects on fetal cartilage development. Use only if potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk and is not recommended during lactation due to potential adverse effects on the infant's joints.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ciprofloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials supporting its efficacy and safety. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its long-term effects and rare adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (especially in elderly or renally impaired patients)
- Liver function tests
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients about the risk of tendinopathy and to discontinue treatment at the first sign of pain or inflammation.
- Caution in patients with a history of seizures or other CNS disorders.
- Monitor patients with known QT prolongation or on concomitant medications that prolong the QT interval.
- Avoid in patients with G6PD deficiency due to risk of hemolytic reactions.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics even if you feel better.
- Drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication.
- Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight or tanning beds due to increased photosensitivity.
- Do not take antacids, iron supplements, or multivitamins containing zinc at the same time as ciprofloxacin (take at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after).
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, which can impair your ability to drive or operate machinery. Exercise caution until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well-hydrated.
- Avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, if you experience dizziness or lightheadedness.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.