Clavuxim
Generic Name
Cefuroxime Axetil and Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Renata Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| clavuxim 250 mg tablet | ৳ 33.00 | ৳ 231.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clavuxim 250 mg tablet is a combination antibiotic containing Cefuroxime Axetil and Clavulanic Acid. Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that protects Cefuroxime from degradation by bacterial enzymes, thereby extending its antibacterial spectrum against resistant organisms.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 250 mg/62.5 mg or 500 mg/125 mg (Cefuroxime/Clavulanic Acid) twice daily for 7-10 days, depending on the severity and type of infection. For uncomplicated urinary tract infections, 250 mg/62.5 mg twice daily for 3-7 days.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients with normal renal function. Dosage adjustments should be made based on renal impairment if present.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is necessary in patients with significant renal impairment. For creatinine clearance 10-29 mL/min, administer the usual dose every 24 hours. For creatinine clearance <10 mL/min (including hemodialysis patients), administer the usual dose every 48 hours.
How to Take
Clavuxim tablet should be taken orally, preferably with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Do not crush or chew the tablet; swallow it whole.
Mechanism of Action
Cefuroxime binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. Clavulanic acid irreversibly binds to and inactivates beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria, which would otherwise hydrolyze Cefuroxime, making it ineffective.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial effect typically observed within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Cefuroxime is excreted unchanged primarily by renal glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Clavulanic acid is excreted renally as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Cefuroxime: approximately 1.2 to 1.5 hours. Clavulanic acid: approximately 1 hour.
Absorption
Cefuroxime axetil is well absorbed orally, rapidly hydrolyzed to Cefuroxime in the intestinal mucosa and blood. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in 2-3 hours. Clavulanic acid is also well absorbed. Food enhances the absorption of Cefuroxime axetil.
Metabolism
Cefuroxime is not extensively metabolized. Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized to inactive compounds.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cefuroxime, other cephalosporins, penicillins, or clavulanic acid.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any beta-lactam antibiotic.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant administration of probenecid increases the AUC and peak plasma concentrations of both Cefuroxime and clavulanic acid, and prolongs the half-life of Cefuroxime.
Oral Contraceptives
Cefuroxime may affect the gut flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral contraceptives. Patients should be advised to use additional non-hormonal contraception.
Antacids/H2 Blockers
Drugs that reduce gastric acidity may reduce the bioavailability of Cefuroxime axetil. It is generally recommended to avoid co-administration or to take this medicine several hours apart.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of Cefuroxime/Clavulanic Acid can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and potentially neurotoxicity including convulsions. Management is primarily symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis may aid in the removal of the drug from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefuroxime crosses the placenta but adverse effects have not been reported in human pregnancy. Clavulanic acid also crosses the placenta. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both Cefuroxime and clavulanic acid are excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administering to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefuroxime and Clavulanic Acid combinations have undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating their efficacy and safety in treating a broad range of bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended during prolonged or high-dose therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Liver function tests may be considered if liver abnormalities are suspected or if therapy is prolonged.
Doctor Notes
- Confirm bacterial etiology before initiating therapy to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and resistance.
- Careful patient history regarding hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactams is crucial.
- Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment based on creatinine clearance.
- Advise patients on the importance of completing the full course.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotic, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Report any severe or persistent diarrhea to your doctor immediately, as it may be a sign of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medication may cause dizziness. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery or driving until they are reasonably certain that the medicine does not adversely affect their ability to perform such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid alcohol consumption if it exacerbates gastrointestinal side effects.
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