Clofert, Fertomid, Oviphene, Siphene
Generic Name
Cloma
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
Loading images...
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cloma (Clomiphene Citrate) is a synthetic non-steroidal drug used to induce ovulation in women with certain types of infertility (anovulation). It is commonly used for conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose: 50 mg orally once daily for 5 days, starting on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle (or any day if there is no spontaneous menstrual bleeding). If ovulation does not occur, the dosage may be increased to 100 mg daily for 5 days in subsequent cycles, not exceeding 3-6 cycles.
Elderly
Not indicated for fertility treatment in elderly women.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Specific dosage adjustments for renal impairment are not well-established, but close monitoring is advised.
How to Take
Cloma tablets are taken orally, with or without food, exactly as prescribed by the doctor. It's usually started on a specific day of the menstrual cycle.
Mechanism of Action
Cloma acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. It blocks estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to increased release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release more follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This increased gonadotropin level promotes follicular development and ovulation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Ovulation typically occurs 5-10 days after the last dose of a treatment cycle.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in feces (approximately 85%), with a small amount excreted in urine (approximately 15%).
Half life
The elimination half-life is approximately 5-7 days for the active isomer (zuclomiphene).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 4-6 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via CYP2D6, and undergoes enterohepatic recirculation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Pregnancy (known or suspected).
- Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding.
- Ovarian cysts (not due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome).
- Liver disease or a history of liver dysfunction.
- Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction.
- Presence of an organic intracranial lesion (e.g., pituitary tumor).
Drug Interactions
Danazol
May interfere with the action of Clomiphene.
Grapefruit juice
May alter Clomiphene metabolism (CYP2D6 inhibition).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include ovarian hyperstimulation, abdominal pain, hot flashes, or blurred vision. Management is primarily supportive care, focusing on symptom relief and close monitoring of ovarian function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Cloma is contraindicated during pregnancy as it may cause fetal harm. It is not recommended for use during lactation, as it may decrease milk production and pass into breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals nationwide
Approval Status
FDA and DGDA approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of Clomiphene Citrate in inducing ovulation and increasing pregnancy rates in anovulatory women. Ongoing research explores its use in various fertility protocols.
Lab Monitoring
- Ovulation monitoring (ultrasound, serum progesterone levels).
- Liver function tests prior to and during treatment.
Doctor Notes
- Thorough patient selection and counseling are crucial, especially regarding risks of multiple gestations and OHSS.
- Monitor ovarian response carefully with ultrasound.
- Advise patients to report visual symptoms promptly.
- Consider alternative treatments if no ovulation after 3 cycles at maximum dose.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Cloma exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Report any visual disturbances (e.g., blurred vision, spots) immediately.
- Understand the increased risk of multiple births.
- Keep all appointments for ultrasounds and blood tests.
- Contact your doctor if you experience severe abdominal pain, bloating, or sudden weight gain.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up. Consult your doctor for advice.
Driving Precautions
Cloma may cause visual disturbances such as blurred vision or spots. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery or driving until they are certain that their vision is not impaired.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy weight through diet and exercise.
- Manage stress effectively.
- Avoid alcohol and smoking as they can negatively impact fertility.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.