Cloma
Generic Name
Clonazepam
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceutical Company
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cloma 1 mg tablet | ৳ 8.00 | ৳ 80.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine used to treat various seizure disorders and panic disorder. It works by calming the brain and nerves.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose for panic disorder: 0.25 mg orally twice daily, may be increased to a target dose of 1 mg daily after 3 days. For seizure disorders: Initial dose 0.5 mg orally three times daily, maximum 20 mg/day.
Elderly
Lower initial doses (e.g., 0.25 mg once daily) and slower titration are recommended due to increased sensitivity and potential for adverse effects.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment guidelines, but caution is advised. Monitor for increased sedation.
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Clonazepam enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits nerve activity in the brain. This results in sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
20-60 minutes for anticonvulsant effect; onset for panic disorder may be longer.
Excretion
Mainly through urine as metabolites, with a small amount excreted in feces.
Half life
18-50 hours (average 30 hours).
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, peak plasma concentrations reached in 1-4 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver primarily by nitro-reduction and subsequent acetylation, as well as by hydroxylation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- •Severe liver disease
- •Hypersensitivity to clonazepam or other benzodiazepines
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants
Additive CNS depressant effects.
CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole)
May increase clonazepam plasma concentrations.
Antiepileptic drugs (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin)
May alter clonazepam metabolism or have additive CNS effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management involves supportive care, maintaining airway, monitoring vital signs. Flumazenil may be used as an antidote, but caution is advised.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D: May cause fetal harm. Avoid during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk, use with caution or avoid during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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