Clotinil
Generic Name
Clopidogrel
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| clotinil 75 mg tablet | ৳ 11.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clotinil 75 mg Tablet contains Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots in patients with heart disease, recent stroke, or peripheral artery disease. It works by preventing platelets from clumping together, thus reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For recent MI, recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease: 75 mg once daily. For Acute Coronary Syndrome (unstable angina or non-ST-elevation MI): A single 300 mg loading dose, then 75 mg once daily, in combination with aspirin. For ST-elevation MI (STEMI): A single 300 mg loading dose for patients <75 years old, then 75 mg once daily with aspirin. In medically managed patients >75 years old, omit loading dose, start with 75 mg once daily with aspirin.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. Caution is advised in severe renal impairment due to limited experience.
How to Take
Clotinil 75 mg Tablet should be taken orally, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Clopidogrel is a prodrug that is metabolized to its active form. The active metabolite irreversibly binds to the P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets, thereby preventing the activation of the GPIIb/IIIa complex and subsequent platelet aggregation. This action inhibits the formation of blood clots.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 2 hours (single dose), 3-7 days (steady-state antiplatelet effect).
Excretion
Approximately 50% is excreted in the urine and 46% in the feces within 120 hours after administration.
Half life
Parent drug: approximately 6 hours. Active metabolite: approximately 8 hours.
Absorption
Clopidogrel is rapidly but incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Bioavailability is approximately 50%.
Metabolism
Clopidogrel is a prodrug and is extensively metabolized in the liver. It is primarily metabolized by CYP450 enzymes (mainly CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP2B6, CYP1A2) into an active thiol metabolite and an inactive carboxylic acid derivative.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
- •Active pathological bleeding such as peptic ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage.
- •Severe hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
Concomitant administration with clopidogrel increases the risk of bleeding.
NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding with concomitant use.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) e.g., Omeprazole, Esomeprazole
Avoid concomitant use as they may reduce the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel by inhibiting CYP2C19. Other PPIs like pantoprazole or lansoprazole may have less interaction.
SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) and SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Increased risk of bleeding due to effects on platelet function.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of clopidogrel may lead to prolonged bleeding time and subsequent bleeding complications. Management is supportive. If bleeding is severe, platelet transfusion may be considered to reverse the antiplatelet effects. Other symptomatic treatment and general supportive measures should be employed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Clopidogrel should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Lactation: It is unknown whether clopidogrel is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from the date of manufacture, refer to the specific packaging for exact details.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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