Medicine Information

Hydrocortisone

Name: Hydrocortisone
Brand: Hydrocortisone
Rating: 4.5 (117 reviews)

Oral Solution5 mg per doseCorticosteroidsATC: H02AB02

Generic Name

Hydrocortisone 5 mg Oral Solution

Manufacturer

Various Generic Manufacturers

Country

Global

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Price Details

Current market pricing information

Variant	Unit Price	Strip Price
cortisol 5 mg oral solution	৳ 65.00	N/A

Description

Overview of the medicine

Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid hormone used to treat a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, as well as adrenal insufficiency. The 5 mg oral solution is often used in pediatric populations or for precise dosing.

Uses & Indications

Adrenal cortical insufficiency (Addison's disease)

Inflammatory conditions (e.g., severe asthma, allergic reactions, arthritis)

Immunosuppression in various autoimmune diseases

Dosage

Adults

Dosage varies widely based on indication and severity. For adrenal insufficiency, typical maintenance is 20-30 mg/day, often divided. For inflammatory conditions, higher doses may be used short-term, e.g., 20-240 mg/day.

Elderly

Lower initial doses may be considered due to potential for increased sensitivity to side effects. Close monitoring is recommended.

Renal_impairment

No specific dose adjustment is generally required, but caution is advised in severe renal disease due to potential fluid retention.

How to Take

Take orally, usually with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. Measure dose accurately using the provided dosing syringe or spoon. Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor.

Mechanism of Action

Hydrocortisone binds to glucocorticoid receptors, modifying gene expression, reducing inflammation, suppressing immune response, and affecting carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset

Rapid, typically within an hour for biological effects.

Excretion

Excreted renally as inactive metabolites and some unchanged drug.

Half life

Plasma half-life is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours. Biological half-life is 8 to 12 hours.

Absorption

Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Peak plasma levels usually occur within 1 to 2 hours.

Metabolism

Primarily metabolized in the liver (CYP3A4 pathway) and also to a lesser extent in the kidneys.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Systemic fungal infections (unless treated)
Hypersensitivity to hydrocortisone or any component of the formulation

Drug Interactions

Diuretics (e.g., thiazides, loop diuretics)

May enhance potassium depletion.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration.

CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir)

May significantly increase hydrocortisone plasma concentrations and effects.

CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, phenytoin, barbiturates)

May decrease hydrocortisone plasma concentrations and reduce its effectiveness.

Storage

Store at room temperature (15-30°C), protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

Acute overdose is rare. Chronic overdose can lead to signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (e.g., moon face, central obesity, striae). Management involves symptomatic and supportive treatment, gradual reduction of the dose.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Hydrocortisone is excreted in breast milk; monitor infants for signs of adrenal suppression or other adverse effects.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this medicine

Pack Sizes

30 ml bottle (5 mg/ml)60 ml bottle (5 mg/ml)120 ml bottle (5 mg/ml)

Shelf Life

Typically 2-3 years for unopened bottles. Specific shelf-life after opening may vary by manufacturer, often 28 days.

Availability

Pharmacies, hospitals

Approval Status

Approved

Patent Status

Generic

WHO Essential Medicine

Yes

Clinical Trials

Hydrocortisone has been extensively studied and is a well-established medication with numerous clinical trials supporting its efficacy in various indications over many decades.

Lab Monitoring

Blood pressure monitoring
Blood glucose levels (especially in diabetics)
Electrolyte levels (particularly potassium)
Bone mineral density (for long-term use)
Ophthalmic examinations (for long-term use)

Doctor Notes

Emphasize the importance of gradual dose tapering to all patients to avoid adrenal insufficiency.
Monitor for signs of infection, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalances, especially in patients on prolonged therapy.
Educate patients about the need for a steroid card and what to do in case of stress or illness.

Patient Guidelines

Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly without consulting your doctor, as it can lead to serious withdrawal symptoms.
Always carry a steroid alert card, especially if you are on long-term therapy or higher doses.
Report any unusual side effects, infections, or changes in mood to your doctor promptly.

Missed Dose Advice

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Driving Precautions

Hydrocortisone generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness, blurred vision, or significant mood changes, avoid such activities.

Lifestyle Advice

Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone health.
Engage in regular, moderate exercise if medically appropriate.
Avoid exposure to people with infections, especially chickenpox or measles, as your immunity may be lowered.