Cynomin
Generic Name
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cynomin 1000 mcg injection | ৳ 5.02 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cynomin-1000 mcg injection contains Cyanocobalamin, a synthetic form of Vitamin B12, crucial for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. It is primarily used to treat and prevent Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For pernicious anemia: 1000 mcg intramuscularly daily for 7 days, then weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly for life. For other deficiencies: individualized based on severity.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients, but renal function should be monitored.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment usually required for mild to moderate impairment. Use with caution in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Administered intramuscularly (IM) or subcutaneously (SC). Intravenous (IV) administration is not recommended. The injection site should be rotated.
Mechanism of Action
Cyanocobalamin acts as a coenzyme in several metabolic processes, including DNA synthesis and the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids. It is essential for the proper functioning and development of the brain, nerve cells, and for the production of red blood cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects, such as improvement in megaloblastic anemia, are typically observed over days to weeks.
Excretion
Excreted renally, with a significant amount appearing in the urine, especially after parenteral administration.
Half life
Approximately 6 days, though a significant portion is retained in the liver.
Absorption
Well absorbed after intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SC) injection. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within approximately 1 hour.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to its active coenzyme forms. Excreted mostly unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cyanocobalamin, cobalt, or any component of the formulation
- Leber's disease (hereditary optic nerve atrophy) due to risk of severe optic atrophy
Drug Interactions
Metformin
Long-term use of metformin can lead to B12 deficiency.
Colchicine
May decrease gastrointestinal absorption of Vitamin B12.
Chloramphenicol
May reduce the hematologic response to Vitamin B12 in pernicious anemia.
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
Large doses of Vitamin C may degrade Vitamin B12.
Omeprazole/Lansoprazole (PPIs)
May reduce Vitamin B12 absorption by decreasing gastric acid secretion.
Storage
Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Cyanocobalamin has very low toxicity, and overdose is unlikely to cause serious harm. No specific antidote is available. Management is generally supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Vitamin B12 is essential during pregnancy and lactation. It is generally considered safe when administered in recommended doses. Consult a doctor for appropriate dosage.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cyanocobalamin, cobalt, or any component of the formulation
- Leber's disease (hereditary optic nerve atrophy) due to risk of severe optic atrophy
Drug Interactions
Metformin
Long-term use of metformin can lead to B12 deficiency.
Colchicine
May decrease gastrointestinal absorption of Vitamin B12.
Chloramphenicol
May reduce the hematologic response to Vitamin B12 in pernicious anemia.
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
Large doses of Vitamin C may degrade Vitamin B12.
Omeprazole/Lansoprazole (PPIs)
May reduce Vitamin B12 absorption by decreasing gastric acid secretion.
Storage
Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Cyanocobalamin has very low toxicity, and overdose is unlikely to cause serious harm. No specific antidote is available. Management is generally supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Vitamin B12 is essential during pregnancy and lactation. It is generally considered safe when administered in recommended doses. Consult a doctor for appropriate dosage.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies globally
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cyanocobalamin is a well-established medicine with extensive clinical use. Numerous studies have confirmed its efficacy and safety in treating Vitamin B12 deficiencies across various patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum Vitamin B12 levels (before and during treatment)
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) including hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices
- Serum potassium levels (especially during initial treatment for severe megaloblastic anemia)
Doctor Notes
- Confirm B12 deficiency diagnosis before initiating therapy, particularly distinguishing from folate deficiency to avoid exacerbating neurological symptoms.
- Monitor serum potassium levels carefully during the initial phase of treatment in patients with severe megaloblastic anemia, as hypokalemia may occur due to increased cellular uptake.
- Patients with Leber's disease must not receive cyanocobalamin due to the risk of optic nerve atrophy.
Patient Guidelines
- Follow your doctor's instructions regarding dose and frequency.
- Do not self-inject; injections should be administered by a healthcare professional.
- Report any unusual side effects or worsening of symptoms to your doctor.
- Regular follow-up appointments are important to monitor your progress.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose. Consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Driving Precautions
Cynomin-1000 mcg injection is not known to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in Vitamin B12 (meat, fish, dairy, eggs) if orally possible.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, which can impair B12 absorption.
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International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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