Doxibac
Generic Name
doxibac
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Description
Overview of the medicine
Doxibac is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and certain sexually transmitted diseases. It is also used for acne, malaria prophylaxis, and treatment of Lyme disease and cholera.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dose is 100 mg once daily or 50 mg every 12 hours. For severe infections, 100 mg every 12 hours may be used. Duration depends on the infection.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, no specific dose adjustment required based on age alone, but renal function should be considered if impaired.
Renal_impairment
No significant dose adjustment is usually needed for renal impairment, as it is primarily excreted non-renally.
How to Take
Take orally with a full glass of water. It can be taken with food or milk to reduce gastrointestinal upset. Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes (preferably 1 hour) after taking the medicine to prevent esophageal irritation.
Mechanism of Action
Doxibac acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds reversibly to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby preventing the attachment of aminoacyl tRNA to the acceptor site on the mRNA-ribosome complex, which ultimately stops bacterial growth and replication.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects are typically observed within a few hours to days, depending on the infection.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in feces via intestinal wall secretion and partially via urine. Renal excretion is minimal.
Half life
Approximately 16-22 hours, allowing for once or twice daily dosing.
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, with bioavailability typically ranging from 90-100%. Food and dairy products can slightly reduce absorption.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver; however, it undergoes less hepatic metabolism compared to other tetracyclines.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to doxibac or other tetracyclines
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Children under 8 years of age (due to potential for permanent tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia)
- Pregnancy and lactation
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Doxibac may potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring monitoring of INR and possible dose adjustment.
Penicillins
Tetracyclines are generally bacteriostatic and may interfere with the bactericidal activity of penicillins. Avoid concomitant use.
Iron supplements
Can interfere with the absorption of doxibac. Separate administration by at least 2-3 hours.
Antacids (containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium)
Can significantly reduce the absorption of doxibac. Administer doxibac 1-2 hours before or 4 hours after antacids.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and photosensitivity. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion is recent.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D: Doxibac can cause permanent tooth discoloration (yellow-gray-brown) and inhibition of bone growth in the fetus. It is generally contraindicated during pregnancy. Lactation: Doxibac is excreted in breast milk. Due to potential for serious adverse reactions in the infant (e.g., tooth discoloration), it is generally not recommended during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture, depending on the specific product formulation and storage conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have evaluated doxibac's efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections and other indications, contributing to its widespread use.
Lab Monitoring
- For prolonged therapy, periodic laboratory evaluation of organ systems, including hematopoietic, renal, and hepatic studies, is recommended.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients about the risk of photosensitivity and recommend appropriate sun protection.
- Emphasize correct administration to minimize esophageal irritation (take with plenty of water, remain upright).
- Avoid in children under 8 years of age and in pregnant/breastfeeding women due to risks of tooth discoloration and bone development issues.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of doxibac as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
- Avoid prolonged exposure to natural or artificial sunlight while taking doxibac. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing.
- Take doxibac with a full glass of water and remain upright for at least 30 minutes to 1 hour after administration to minimize the risk of esophageal irritation.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Doxibac may cause dizziness or visual disturbances in some patients. Patients should be cautioned about driving or operating machinery until they are reasonably certain that doxibac does not adversely affect them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well-hydrated.
- Practice sun protection measures rigorously.
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Global Brand Names
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