Emiset
Generic Name
Ondansetron 4 mg/5 ml Oral Solution
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| emiset 4 mg oral solution | ৳ 45.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Emiset 4 mg Oral Solution contains ondansetron, an anti-emetic medicine used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It works by blocking the action of a chemical messenger called serotonin, which can trigger nausea and vomiting.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For highly emetogenic chemotherapy: 8 mg orally 30 minutes before chemotherapy, followed by 8 mg orally 8 hours after the first dose, then 8 mg orally twice daily for 1-2 days. For moderately emetogenic chemotherapy/radiotherapy: 8 mg orally 1-2 hours before treatment, then 8 mg orally 8-12 hours after the first dose, for 1-2 days. For PONV: 4 mg orally 1 hour before anesthesia, or 4-8 mg post-operatively as needed.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function. However, for patients over 75 years, initial single dose of ondansetron injection should not exceed 16 mg.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with impaired renal function.
How to Take
Take the oral solution by mouth, with or without food. Measure the dose carefully using the provided measuring device (e.g., spoon or syringe).
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It blocks serotonin, a natural substance in the body that causes nausea and vomiting, in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and vagal afferents in the gastrointestinal tract.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes to 2 hours after oral administration.
Excretion
Approximately 5-10% of the unchanged drug is excreted in urine; the remainder is excreted as metabolites via urine and feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-4 hours in adults; may be prolonged in elderly and those with hepatic impairment.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; undergoes first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes (primarily CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use of apomorphine (due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness).
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
Ondansetron may reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to severe hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging drugs
Use with caution with other drugs known to prolong the QT interval (e.g., amiodarone, chlorpromazine, erythromycin) due to increased risk of arrhythmias.
CYP450 inducers/inhibitors
Pharmacokinetic interactions are possible but usually do not require dose adjustment.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. ECG monitoring for QT interval prolongation is recommended. Management is supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. However, use in pregnancy should only be considered if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Ondansetron is excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use of apomorphine (due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness).
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
Ondansetron may reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to severe hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging drugs
Use with caution with other drugs known to prolong the QT interval (e.g., amiodarone, chlorpromazine, erythromycin) due to increased risk of arrhythmias.
CYP450 inducers/inhibitors
Pharmacokinetic interactions are possible but usually do not require dose adjustment.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. ECG monitoring for QT interval prolongation is recommended. Management is supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. However, use in pregnancy should only be considered if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Ondansetron is excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from manufacturing date when stored correctly.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent; generic versions available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ondansetron has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials since its development, demonstrating efficacy in preventing and treating CINV, RINV, and PONV in various patient populations, including pediatric patients.
Lab Monitoring
- ECG monitoring is recommended in patients with underlying cardiac conditions, electrolyte abnormalities, or those taking other QT-prolonging drugs.
- Monitor serum electrolytes (potassium, magnesium) if abnormalities are suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Consider baseline ECG in patients with risk factors for QT prolongation.
- Correct electrolyte imbalances (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia) before administering ondansetron.
- Caution with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs to avoid serotonin syndrome.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Report any severe side effects, especially irregular heartbeat, chest pain, or vision changes, to your doctor immediately.
- Do not use this medicine if you are taking apomorphine.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness or visual disturbances. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well-hydrated, especially if experiencing vomiting or diarrhea.
- Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience dizziness or visual disturbances.
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