Enocef
Generic Name
Cefazolin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
Loading images...
Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
enocef 1 gm injection | ৳ 201.35 | N/A |
enocef 250 mg injection | ৳ 100.38 | N/A |
enocef 500 mg injection | ৳ 150.57 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Enocef (Cefazolin) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, urinary tract infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used for surgical prophylaxis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For most susceptible infections: 250 mg to 1 g every 6-8 hours, administered intramuscularly or intravenously. For severe infections: 1 g to 1.5 g every 6 hours. Surgical prophylaxis: 1 g IV/IM 30-60 minutes before surgery, followed by 500 mg to 1 g every 6-8 hours for 24 hours post-surgery.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with impaired renal function; monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be reduced in patients with significant renal impairment. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) 35-54 mL/min: usual dose every 8 hours. CrCl 11-34 mL/min: half the usual dose every 12 hours. CrCl less than 10 mL/min: half the usual dose every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Cefazolin can be administered by deep intramuscular injection or by intravenous injection/infusion. For intravenous administration, the powder should be reconstituted with an appropriate diluent (e.g., Sterile Water for Injection) and further diluted for infusion if necessary.
Mechanism of Action
Cefazolin is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within minutes of IV administration, or within 1-2 hours of IM administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 60-70% of a dose is excreted in the urine within 6 hours, and nearly 80% within 24 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1.8 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular (IM) administration; peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours. Intravenous (IV) administration results in immediate peak concentrations.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefazolin or other cephalosporins.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any type of beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of cefazolin, resulting in higher and more prolonged plasma concentrations.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity when co-administered, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora and reducing vitamin K synthesis, leading to increased bleeding risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored as per specific instructions.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and rarely, seizures (especially in patients with renal impairment). Management is primarily supportive; hemodialysis may be useful in removing cefazolin from the blood in cases of severe overdose with renal failure.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefazolin is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administering to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefazolin or other cephalosporins.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any type of beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of cefazolin, resulting in higher and more prolonged plasma concentrations.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity when co-administered, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora and reducing vitamin K synthesis, leading to increased bleeding risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored as per specific instructions.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and rarely, seizures (especially in patients with renal impairment). Management is primarily supportive; hemodialysis may be useful in removing cefazolin from the blood in cases of severe overdose with renal failure.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefazolin is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administering to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years, when stored according to manufacturer's instructions. Reconstituted solution shelf life varies, usually 24 hours at room temperature or up to 10 days refrigerated.
Availability
Hospitals, pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefazolin has undergone extensive clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections and surgical prophylaxis. Ongoing surveillance studies monitor resistance patterns and new therapeutic applications.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (BUN, creatinine) in patients with impaired renal function or those receiving nephrotoxic drugs.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if abnormalities are suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Assess renal function before initiating therapy and adjust dosage accordingly.
- Be aware of potential cross-reactivity with penicillins; cautiously use in patients with a history of mild penicillin allergy, but avoid in severe cases.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) as it can occur even weeks after discontinuation.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of resistance.
- Inform your doctor if you have a history of allergies, especially to penicillin or other antibiotics.
- Report any severe side effects such as rash, difficulty breathing, or severe diarrhea to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefazolin generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or confusion, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid sharing this medication with others.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
Other Medicines in Enocef Brand
Other medicines available under the same brand name