Forane
Generic Name
Isoflurane
Manufacturer
Baxter International Inc.
Country
USA
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| forane 100 v solution for inhalation | ৳ 3,666.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Forane (Isoflurane) is a potent volatile liquid general anesthetic indicated for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Induction: 0.5% to 3% concentration with oxygen or oxygen/nitrous oxide. Maintenance: 1% to 2.5% concentration, adjusted based on surgical depth and patient response. MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration) values vary.
Elderly
Lower concentrations are usually required for induction and maintenance in elderly patients due to age-related physiological changes. MAC values decrease with age.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment is required due to minimal metabolism and primary pulmonary excretion.
How to Take
Administered by trained personnel using a calibrated vaporizer specifically designed for Isoflurane, as part of an inhalation anesthetic delivery system. Requires continuous monitoring of patient vital signs and anesthetic depth.
Mechanism of Action
Isoflurane acts as a general anesthetic by modulating several ion channels, enhancing GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission, and reducing excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (within minutes of administration).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged via exhalation through the lungs; minimal renal excretion of metabolites.
Half life
Rapid elimination, primarily via lungs. Not typically expressed as a classic half-life due to pulmonary excretion.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the lungs into the bloodstream.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized in the liver (less than 0.2% of absorbed dose).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Known hypersensitivity to Isoflurane or other halogenated agents.
- •Known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
- •History of hepatic dysfunction or jaundice following prior halogenated anesthetic administration.
- •Uncontrolled intracranial pressure where a further increase would be hazardous.
Drug Interactions
Vasopressors
Use with caution due to potential for arrhythmias.
Opioids/Sedatives
May potentiate the respiratory depressant and hypotensive effects of Isoflurane, requiring lower anesthetic concentrations.
Neuromuscular Blockers
Potentiates the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers; dosage adjustment may be needed.
Beta-blockers/Calcium Channel Blockers
May potentiate myocardial depression or hypotension.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15°C to 30°C / 59°F to 86°F). Protect from light. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Overdose manifests as profound hypotension and respiratory depression, potentially leading to cardiac arrest. Management involves immediately discontinuing administration, ensuring a patent airway, initiating assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen, and providing cardiovascular support.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Small amounts may be excreted in breast milk; caution is advised for nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 3 to 5 years from the date of manufacture when stored unopened under recommended conditions.
Availability
Available in hospitals and surgical centers
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (generic versions available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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