g-Pethidine
Generic Name
g-pethidine-50-mg-injection
Manufacturer
General Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Example)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| g pethidine 50 mg injection | ৳ 34.50 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Pethidine, also known as meperidine, is a synthetic opioid pain medication of the phenylpiperidine class. It is primarily used for moderate to severe pain relief. It has a faster onset and shorter duration of action compared to morphine.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
50-100 mg IM/SC every 3-4 hours as needed; IV: 25-50 mg slowly
Elderly
Reduce initial dose by 25-50%
Renal_impairment
Caution, reduce dose, monitor for norpethidine accumulation
How to Take
Administer intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intravenously. IV administration should be slow. Not for long-term use.
Mechanism of Action
Pethidine acts primarily as an agonist at the μ-opioid receptors in the central nervous system, producing analgesia by decreasing the perception of pain and the emotional response to pain. It also inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, contributing to its analgesic and euphoric effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
IV: 1-5 min; IM/SC: 10-15 min
Excretion
Mainly via kidneys as metabolites and unchanged drug.
Half life
3-5 hours (parent drug); 8-12 hours (active metabolite, norpethidine)
Absorption
Well absorbed after IM injection. Bioavailability is about 50-60% orally.
Metabolism
Primarily in the liver by hydrolysis to pethidinic acid and N-demethylation to norpethidine. Norpethidine is active and neurotoxic.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to pethidine
- Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors (within 14 days)
- Severe respiratory depression
- Acute alcoholism
- Head injury or increased intracranial pressure
- Seizure disorders
Drug Interactions
Phenytoin
Decreased pethidine levels.
Cimetidine
Increased pethidine levels.
MAO Inhibitors
Severe, potentially fatal reactions including hyperthermia, rigidity, convulsions, coma.
Serotonergic Drugs
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines)
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15-30°C), protected from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include severe respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, miosis, and sometimes bradycardia or hypotension. Severe overdose may result in circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest, and death. Treat with opioid antagonist (naloxone) and supportive care.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (risk cannot be ruled out). Can cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome if used long-term during pregnancy. Excreted into breast milk, advise caution or avoid use.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years, check specific product labeling.
Availability
Hospitals, Pharmacies (with strict regulations)
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Pethidine has been extensively studied since its discovery in 1937, primarily in clinical settings for pain management. Modern trials often focus on comparative efficacy and safety with newer opioids or in specific patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal and hepatic function (in prolonged use or high doses)
- Respiratory rate and depth
- Level of consciousness
Doctor Notes
- High risk of norpethidine accumulation, particularly in renal impairment and repeated dosing, leading to CNS excitation and seizures.
- Not recommended for chronic pain management due to short half-life, active neurotoxic metabolite, and high abuse potential.
- Use with extreme caution with MAOIs.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery.
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Report any difficulty breathing or severe dizziness immediately.
- Do not stop taking abruptly if on long-term treatment (risk of withdrawal).
Missed Dose Advice
Pethidine is typically administered as needed for pain. If a scheduled dose is missed, contact your doctor for advice. Do not take a double dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Do not drive or operate machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain regular bowel habits to prevent constipation.
- Stay hydrated.
- Avoid activities requiring mental alertness initially.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.