Galvus
Generic Name
Vildagliptin
Manufacturer
Novartis
Country
Switzerland
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| galvus 50 mg tablet | ৳ 32.00 | ৳ 448.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Galvus is an oral antidiabetic drug used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps improve glycemic control by increasing insulin release and decreasing glucagon levels.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
50 mg once daily or 50 mg twice daily depending on combination therapy and individual patient needs.
Elderly
No dose adjustment required based on age, but renal function should be considered.
Renal_impairment
For moderate to severe renal impairment (eGFR <50 mL/min), the recommended dose is 50 mg once daily.
How to Take
Galvus can be taken orally with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Vildagliptin inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that degrades incretin hormones like GLP-1 and GIP. By preventing their breakdown, it increases their levels, leading to enhanced glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and reduced glucagon secretion from alpha cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of glucose-lowering effect within a few hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (85%), with a small amount in feces (15%).
Half life
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 3 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed with an absolute oral bioavailability of 85%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in 1.7 to 2.5 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hydrolyzed (85%) to an inactive metabolite. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are not involved.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to vildagliptin or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with severe hepatic impairment (liver enzyme elevations >3 times the upper limit of normal).
Drug Interactions
ACE inhibitors
May increase the risk of angioedema when co-administered with DPP-4 inhibitors. Monitor patients carefully.
Thiazides, corticosteroids, thyroid products, sympathomimetics
These may reduce the hypoglycemic effect of vildagliptin.
Storage
Store below 30°C, protect from moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, supportive care is recommended. Vildagliptin can be removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy and lactation due to insufficient data. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., EU, DGDA)
Patent Status
Original patent held by Novartis, now generic versions available
Clinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin in various patient populations with type 2 diabetes, both as monotherapy and in combination with other antidiabetic agents.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) should be measured prior to initiation, at 3-month intervals during the first year, and periodically thereafter.
Doctor Notes
- Consider baseline hepatic function before initiation and monitor periodically.
- Dose adjustment required for moderate to severe renal impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Galvus regularly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor.
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and report any unusual symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Patients should be advised of the risk of dizziness associated with vildagliptin, which might impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. The risk of hypoglycemia (when used with a sulfonylurea or insulin) should also be considered.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet and engage in regular physical activity.
- Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.