Glimicron
Generic Name
Gliclazide 80 mg tablet
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| glimicron 80 mg tablet | ৳ 8.00 | ৳ 80.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Gliclazide is an oral antidiabetic drug used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the sulfonylurea class, stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells to lower blood glucose levels.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose: 40-80 mg daily, taken with breakfast or the first main meal. Dose can be gradually increased in increments of 40-80 mg up to a maximum of 320 mg daily, divided into two or three doses.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustments are typically required, but start with the lowest effective dose and titrate carefully due to increased sensitivity to hypoglycemic agents.
Renal_impairment
Mild to moderate renal impairment: Usual doses may be used with careful monitoring. Severe renal impairment: Not recommended, or use with extreme caution at reduced doses and close monitoring due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.
How to Take
Tablets should be taken orally with water, preferably with breakfast or the first main meal of the day. Swallow tablets whole; do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to sulfonylurea receptors, thereby closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels. This depolarization leads to calcium influx and subsequent insulin exocytosis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Hypoglycemic effect usually observed within 1-2 hours after administration.
Excretion
Metabolites are primarily excreted via urine (60-70%) and feces (10-20%).
Half life
Approximately 10-12 hours for immediate-release formulation.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentration typically achieved within 4-6 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2C9, into inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to gliclazide, other sulfonylureas, or sulfonamides.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Diabetic pre-coma and coma.
- Severe renal or hepatic insufficiency.
- Concomitant treatment with miconazole.
Drug Interactions
Miconazole (systemic or oral gel)
Potentiates the hypoglycemic effect, potentially leading to coma.
Phenylbutazone, Alcohol, Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, Salicylates
Can enhance the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide.
Corticosteroids, Danazol, Chlorpromazine, Diuretics, Estrogens, Progestogens
Can reduce the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe hypoglycemia, which may be accompanied by headache, hunger, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, confusion, agitation, aggressive reactions, impaired consciousness, and even coma. Management involves immediate administration of glucose (oral for mild cases, intravenous for severe cases).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks of hypoglycemia in the newborn. Insulin is generally preferred for blood glucose control in pregnant diabetic women. Gliclazide is also contraindicated during lactation due to potential excretion into breast milk and risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to gliclazide, other sulfonylureas, or sulfonamides.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Diabetic pre-coma and coma.
- Severe renal or hepatic insufficiency.
- Concomitant treatment with miconazole.
Drug Interactions
Miconazole (systemic or oral gel)
Potentiates the hypoglycemic effect, potentially leading to coma.
Phenylbutazone, Alcohol, Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, Salicylates
Can enhance the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide.
Corticosteroids, Danazol, Chlorpromazine, Diuretics, Estrogens, Progestogens
Can reduce the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe hypoglycemia, which may be accompanied by headache, hunger, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, confusion, agitation, aggressive reactions, impaired consciousness, and even coma. Management involves immediate administration of glucose (oral for mild cases, intravenous for severe cases).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks of hypoglycemia in the newborn. Insulin is generally preferred for blood glucose control in pregnant diabetic women. Gliclazide is also contraindicated during lactation due to potential excretion into breast milk and risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved in most major markets
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Gliclazide has been extensively studied in various clinical trials, including the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation) study, which demonstrated its cardiovascular safety profile in type 2 diabetes.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels (fasting and post-prandial).
- Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels every 3-6 months.
- Periodically assess renal and hepatic function, especially in patients with pre-existing impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients thoroughly on recognizing and managing hypoglycemia.
- Consider Gliclazide as a cost-effective option for type 2 diabetes, especially in patients without established cardiovascular disease where metformin is contraindicated or not tolerated.
- Monitor renal and hepatic function, particularly in elderly patients.
- Emphasize the importance of consistent diet and exercise alongside medication.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Glimicron exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Maintain a regular diet and exercise program while on this medication.
- Be aware of the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and carry a source of sugar (e.g., candy, juice) with you.
- Never skip meals or delay them while taking this medication.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Patients should be advised about the risk of hypoglycemia and its symptoms, which may impair their ability to concentrate and react, especially at the start of treatment or if the dose is irregular. Caution is advised when driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a healthy, balanced diet low in saturated fats and refined sugars.
- Engage in regular physical activity suitable for your health condition.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Limit or avoid alcohol consumption to minimize the risk of hypoglycemia.
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