Glirol
Generic Name
Gliclazide
Manufacturer
Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| glirol 80 mg tablet | ৳ 6.00 | ৳ 60.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Glirol 80 mg Tablet contains Gliclazide, an oral antidiabetic drug used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps to lower blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin release from the pancreas.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose is usually 40-80 mg daily, taken with breakfast. The dose may be gradually increased based on blood glucose response, up to a maximum of 320 mg daily, typically divided into two doses (e.g., 160 mg twice daily). For 80mg formulation, typical maintenance is 80-160 mg/day.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required, but careful monitoring of blood glucose is advised due to increased risk of hypoglycemia. Start with a low dose (e.g., 40 mg daily).
Renal_impairment
In mild to moderate renal impairment, the usual dosage may be used with careful monitoring. In severe renal impairment, it is contraindicated or requires significant dose reduction and close monitoring due to increased risk of hypoglycemia. Consult physician.
How to Take
Take Glirol 80 mg tablet orally, preferably with breakfast or the first main meal of the day. Swallow the tablet whole with water; do not crush or chew. Adhere strictly to the physician's instructions regarding dose and timing.
Mechanism of Action
Gliclazide acts primarily by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells. It binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1) on the β-cell membrane, leading to closure of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, depolarization of the membrane, influx of calcium ions, and subsequent exocytosis of insulin.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action typically within 1 hour.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine (60-70% as metabolites) and feces (10-20%). Less than 1% is excreted unchanged in urine.
Half life
Approximately 8-20 hours (average 10-12 hours).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-6 hours after administration.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2C9, into inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to gliclazide, other sulfonylureas, or sulfonamides.
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (with or without coma).
- Severe renal or hepatic insufficiency.
- Concomitant use with miconazole (systemic).
- Lactation.
Drug Interactions
Miconazole (systemic)
Potentiates the hypoglycemic effect, possibly leading to coma.
Corticosteroids, danazol, chlorpromazine, diuretics (thiazides), rifampicin, barbiturates, estrogens
May reduce the hypoglycemic effect, leading to elevated blood glucose.
Phenylbutazone, alcohol, other sulfonylureas, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, fluconazole, cimetidine, H2-antagonists, sulfonamides, NSAIDs
May enhance the hypoglycemic effect.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of Gliclazide can lead to severe hypoglycemia, which may be life-threatening. Symptoms include sweating, tremor, hunger, confusion, rapid heartbeat. Management involves immediate administration of glucose (oral glucose, sugary drinks for conscious patients; intravenous glucose for unconscious patients). Close monitoring for at least 24-48 hours is essential.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential fetal harm (e.g., hypoglycemia in the newborn). Insulin therapy is preferred for glycemic control during pregnancy. Gliclazide is contraindicated during lactation as it may pass into breast milk and cause hypoglycemia in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, specific to lot.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies worldwide
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
The ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation) trial demonstrated that intensive glucose control with gliclazide MR based regimen reduced the risk of major macrovascular and microvascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Lab Monitoring
- Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)
- Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPBG)
- Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) every 3-6 months
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, eGFR)
- Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST) annually
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) periodically
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize patient education on hypoglycemia recognition and management.
- Monitor renal function carefully, especially in elderly patients, to adjust dosage if needed.
- Regularly assess patient adherence to diet and exercise alongside medication.
- Be mindful of drug interactions, particularly with other agents affecting blood glucose.
- Consider gliclazide MR for better glycemic control with a reduced risk of hypoglycemia compared to immediate release formulations, if appropriate.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Maintain a consistent meal schedule and a healthy diet.
- Monitor your blood glucose levels regularly as instructed by your doctor.
- Be aware of the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and how to treat it immediately.
- Carry a source of fast-acting sugar (e.g., glucose tablets, sugary candy, fruit juice) with you at all times.
- Do not stop taking Glirol 80 mg Tablet without consulting your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Gliclazide can cause hypoglycemia, which may impair your ability to concentrate or react. If you experience symptoms of hypoglycemia, avoid driving or operating machinery. Discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Lifestyle Advice
- Follow a balanced diet plan recommended by your doctor or dietitian.
- Engage in regular physical activity suitable for your condition.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
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