Glycenor-M
Generic Name
Glibenclamide + Metformin Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Hypothetical Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| glycenor m 5 mg tablet | ৳ 20.00 | ৳ 200.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Glycenor-M 5 mg Tablet is an oral antidiabetic medication combining Glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea, and Metformin Hydrochloride, a biguanide. It is used to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glibenclamide helps the pancreas release more insulin, while Metformin reduces glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity. (Assumed Glibenclamide 5 mg + Metformin 500 mg combination based on common formulations)
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usually 1 tablet once or twice daily with meals. Dosage may be adjusted based on individual response and glucose levels. Maximum daily dose for Glibenclamide is typically 20 mg, and for Metformin 2000-2550 mg.
Elderly
Initiate with lower doses and titrate carefully, especially considering renal function. Avoid in very elderly with compromised renal function.
Renal_impairment
Metformin is contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²). Dose adjustment required for moderate renal impairment. Glibenclamide also requires caution and dose reduction in renal impairment.
How to Take
Take orally with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and optimize absorption. Swallow the tablet whole with water; do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Glibenclamide acts by stimulating insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells, primarily by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels on the cell membrane, leading to depolarization and calcium influx, which triggers insulin secretion. Metformin acts by decreasing hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis), decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. It does not cause insulin secretion.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Glibenclamide: Within 1 hour. Metformin: Gradual, full effects seen over several days to weeks.
Excretion
Glibenclamide: Approximately 50% renally excreted, 50% excreted in bile/feces. Metformin: Excreted unchanged in the urine.
Half life
Glibenclamide: 4-10 hours. Metformin: Approximately 6.2 hours.
Absorption
Glibenclamide: Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract (bioavailability ~50%). Metformin: Slowly and incompletely absorbed from the GI tract (bioavailability ~50-60%). Peak plasma concentrations of Metformin are reached within 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Glibenclamide: Extensively metabolized in the liver to weakly active or inactive metabolites. Metformin: Not metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to Glibenclamide, Metformin, or any component
- •Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- •Diabetic ketoacidosis
- •Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²)
- •Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including lactic acidosis
- •Congestive heart failure requiring pharmacological treatment
- •Severe hepatic impairment
- •Alcoholism
- •Acute myocardial infarction, shock, septicemia
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Increases the risk of lactic acidosis with Metformin and hypoglycemia with Glibenclamide.
Beta-blockers
May mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and potentially enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Glibenclamide.
ACE inhibitors
May enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Glibenclamide.
Corticosteroids
May increase blood glucose levels, requiring dose adjustment of antidiabetic agents.
Iodinated contrast agents
Temporarily discontinue Metformin before or at the time of an iodinated contrast imaging procedure and for at least 48 hours after the procedure, due to increased risk of lactic acidosis.
Diuretics (thiazide and loop)
May reduce the hypoglycemic effect of Glibenclamide and Metformin, leading to hyperglycemia.
Cimetidine, Ranolazine, Dofetilide
May increase Metformin levels, increasing the risk of lactic acidosis.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose can lead to severe hypoglycemia (especially with Glibenclamide) and lactic acidosis (with Metformin). Symptoms include sweating, tremors, confusion, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. Management involves immediate administration of glucose (oral or IV), monitoring blood glucose levels, and supportive care. In severe cases of lactic acidosis, hemodialysis may be necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy as insulin is generally preferred for glycemic control. Glibenclamide and Metformin can cross the placenta. Metformin is excreted in breast milk; Glibenclamide may be excreted in breast milk. Consult a doctor; benefits versus risks should be carefully weighed. Usually, insulin is the preferred treatment for gestational diabetes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from manufacturing date, depending on specific manufacturer.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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