Hitagen
Generic Name
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Manufacturer
Example Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| hitagen 4 mg tablet | ৳ 0.30 | ৳ 3.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Hitagen 4 mg tablet contains Chlorpheniramine Maleate, a first-generation antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold. It works by blocking the effects of histamine, a natural substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
4 mg every 4-6 hours, not exceeding 24 mg in 24 hours.
Elderly
Lower doses may be required (e.g., 2 mg every 4-6 hours) due to increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects and sedation.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Dosage reduction may be necessary in severe impairment. Consult a physician.
How to Take
Take orally with water, with or without food. Do not chew or crush the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Chlorpheniramine Maleate is a competitive antagonist of histamine H1-receptors. It competitively blocks the binding of histamine to these receptors, thereby preventing the histamine-mediated effects such as vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, itching, and bronchoconstriction.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Excreted mainly via urine, both as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 12-43 hours (highly variable).
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; peak plasma concentrations reached within 2-6 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., CYP2D6).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Chlorpheniramine or any component of the formulation.
- Newborns or premature infants.
- Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Urinary retention (e.g., due to prostatic hypertrophy).
- Severe respiratory depression or acute asthmatic attack.
Drug Interactions
Anticholinergic drugs
Increased anticholinergic effects (e.g., dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention).
MAO inhibitors (MAOIs)
Prolonged and intensified anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
CNS depressants (alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics)
Increased sedative effect.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe drowsiness, dizziness, incoordination, dry mouth, flushed skin, dilated pupils, fever, and hallucinations. In severe cases, seizures, coma, and respiratory depression may occur. Management involves supportive care, gastric lavage or activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed and the benefit outweighs the risk. Small amounts may be excreted in breast milk; avoid use during lactation due to potential for sedation in infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Chlorpheniramine or any component of the formulation.
- Newborns or premature infants.
- Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Urinary retention (e.g., due to prostatic hypertrophy).
- Severe respiratory depression or acute asthmatic attack.
Drug Interactions
Anticholinergic drugs
Increased anticholinergic effects (e.g., dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention).
MAO inhibitors (MAOIs)
Prolonged and intensified anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
CNS depressants (alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics)
Increased sedative effect.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe drowsiness, dizziness, incoordination, dry mouth, flushed skin, dilated pupils, fever, and hallucinations. In severe cases, seizures, coma, and respiratory depression may occur. Management involves supportive care, gastric lavage or activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed and the benefit outweighs the risk. Small amounts may be excreted in breast milk; avoid use during lactation due to potential for sedation in infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, drugstores
Approval Status
Approved (since decades ago)
Patent Status
Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
As an older, well-established drug, most clinical data for Chlorpheniramine Maleate are from historical studies and extensive post-marketing surveillance. Newer trials generally focus on comparative efficacy or specific populations.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine lab monitoring is generally required. However, in long-term therapy or specific patient populations (e.g., elderly), liver and renal function tests may be considered.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on potential sedation and avoidance of activities requiring mental alertness.
- Advise against concomitant use with alcohol or other CNS depressants.
- Caution in elderly due to increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects and risk of falls.
Patient Guidelines
- Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you due to its sedative effects.
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Report any severe side effects or allergic reactions to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine can cause drowsiness and blurred vision. Do not drive or operate machinery until you are sure you can perform such activities safely.
Lifestyle Advice
- Ensure adequate hydration to help with dry mouth.
- For allergy symptoms, consider avoiding known allergens where possible.
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