Insulet-N
Generic Name
Insulin Isophane (NPH) 100 IU/ml
Manufacturer
Beacon Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| insulet n 100 iu injection | ৳ 169.70 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Insulet-N is an intermediate-acting insulin used to control high blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. It helps the body use sugar for energy and lowers blood glucose.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage is highly individualized based on patient's metabolic needs, blood glucose monitoring, and HbA1c. Typically, 0.5-1.0 IU/kg/day, often divided into two or more subcutaneous injections.
Elderly
For elderly patients, initial dose and dose adjustments should be conservative due to potential for decreased renal function and increased risk of hypoglycemia. Close monitoring is essential.
Renal_impairment
In patients with renal impairment, insulin requirements may be reduced due to decreased insulin clearance. Careful monitoring of blood glucose and dose adjustments are necessary.
How to Take
Administer subcutaneously into the abdomen, thigh, upper arm, or buttock. Rotate injection sites within the same region to reduce the risk of lipodystrophy. Do not inject intravenously or intramuscularly. The suspension should be visually inspected and resuspended immediately before use.
Mechanism of Action
Insulin lowers blood glucose by stimulating peripheral glucose uptake, especially by skeletal muscle and fat, and by inhibiting hepatic glucose production. It also inhibits lipolysis and proteolysis, and enhances protein synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action typically occurs within 1.5 to 4 hours.
Excretion
Mainly excreted by the kidneys.
Half life
The apparent half-life in plasma is typically 5-10 hours, but the clinical duration of action is longer.
Absorption
Following subcutaneous injection, absorption is slower and more prolonged compared to rapid-acting insulin. The rate of absorption varies with injection site, dose, and physical activity.
Metabolism
Insulin is primarily degraded by insulinases, mainly in the liver and kidney.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to insulin or any of the excipients.
- During episodes of hypoglycemia.
Drug Interactions
Both increase or decrease
Beta-blockers (can mask hypoglycemia symptoms), alcohol (can potentiate or inhibit hypoglycemic effect).
Decreased hypoglycemic effect
Corticosteroids, danazol, diuretics, sympathomimetics, somatropin, thyroid hormones, atypical antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine, clozapine), protease inhibitors.
Increased hypoglycemic effect
Oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, octreotide, propoxyphene, salicylates, somatostatin analogs, sulfonamide antibiotics.
Storage
Unopened: Store in a refrigerator (2-8°C). Do not freeze. Opened: Store at room temperature (below 25°C), away from light and heat. Do not refrigerate after opening.
Overdose
Overdose may lead to severe hypoglycemia. Mild episodes can be treated with oral glucose. Severe episodes require intravenous glucose or glucagon administration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Insulin is the preferred treatment for diabetes in pregnancy. There are no restrictions on the use of insulin during lactation. Close monitoring of blood glucose is recommended.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to insulin or any of the excipients.
- During episodes of hypoglycemia.
Drug Interactions
Both increase or decrease
Beta-blockers (can mask hypoglycemia symptoms), alcohol (can potentiate or inhibit hypoglycemic effect).
Decreased hypoglycemic effect
Corticosteroids, danazol, diuretics, sympathomimetics, somatropin, thyroid hormones, atypical antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine, clozapine), protease inhibitors.
Increased hypoglycemic effect
Oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, octreotide, propoxyphene, salicylates, somatostatin analogs, sulfonamide antibiotics.
Storage
Unopened: Store in a refrigerator (2-8°C). Do not freeze. Opened: Store at room temperature (below 25°C), away from light and heat. Do not refrigerate after opening.
Overdose
Overdose may lead to severe hypoglycemia. Mild episodes can be treated with oral glucose. Severe episodes require intravenous glucose or glucagon administration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Insulin is the preferred treatment for diabetes in pregnancy. There are no restrictions on the use of insulin during lactation. Close monitoring of blood glucose is recommended.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unopened: Refer to expiry date on packaging (typically 2-3 years). Once opened: Can be used for up to 28 days when stored at room temperature (below 25°C).
Availability
Available in pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Human insulin (NPH) has been a cornerstone of diabetes treatment for many decades, supported by extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety. Ongoing research often focuses on improved delivery systems or combination therapies.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular blood glucose monitoring (self-monitoring blood glucose, SMBG).
- HbA1c levels every 3-6 months.
- Fructosamine (if HbA1c is not reliable).
- Potassium levels (risk of hypokalemia).
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize thorough patient education on proper insulin injection technique, rotation of injection sites, and recognition/management of hypoglycemia.
- Regular monitoring of blood glucose and HbA1c is crucial for optimizing therapy and preventing complications.
- Advise patients on lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, as essential adjuncts to insulin therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Learn proper injection technique and rotate injection sites.
- Always carry a source of fast-acting carbohydrates (e.g., glucose tablets, juice) to treat hypoglycemia.
- Monitor blood glucose regularly as advised by your doctor.
- Inform your healthcare provider about all current medications, supplements, and herbal products.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. Monitor your blood glucose levels closely.
Driving Precautions
Patients should be aware that hypoglycemia can impair their ability to concentrate and react, which may be a risk in situations like driving or operating machinery. Blood glucose should be checked before driving if necessary.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet and follow a consistent meal schedule.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
- Manage stress effectively.
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