Jasoquin
Generic Name
Chloroquine Phosphate
Manufacturer
Hypothetical Manufacturer (e.g., Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| jasoquin 300 mg injection | ৳ 20.65 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Jasoquin 300 mg Injection contains Chloroquine Phosphate, an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory drug. It is used to treat acute attacks of malaria, amoebic liver abscess, and in some cases, certain autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For acute malaria (intramuscular): Initial dose 300 mg chloroquine base (e.g., 2 mL of 150 mg/mL solution), repeated every 6 hours for 24 hours (total 4 doses). Then, switch to oral. For amoebic liver abscess (IM): 200 mg daily for 10-12 days.
Elderly
Use with caution; dosage may need adjustment based on renal function and overall health. Monitor for adverse effects.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction may be necessary in severe renal impairment (CrCl <10 mL/min). Careful monitoring is required.
How to Take
For intramuscular injection, administer into a large muscle mass (e.g., gluteus maximus). For intravenous administration, it must be diluted and infused slowly to avoid severe cardiotoxicity. Do not administer rapidly.
Mechanism of Action
Chloroquine accumulates in the food vacuoles of Plasmodium parasites, inhibiting the polymerization of heme into hemozoin. This leads to the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite, causing its death. It also has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by elevating lysosomal pH and interfering with antigen processing.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within a few hours for antimalarial effect.
Excretion
Primarily renal (50-70% as unchanged drug and metabolites over several weeks).
Half life
Highly variable; initial phase 3-5 days, terminal phase 1-2 months due to extensive tissue binding.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed after intramuscular administration, reaching peak plasma concentrations within 1-3 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver to active and inactive metabolites (e.g., desethylchloroquine).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to chloroquine or 4-aminoquinoline compounds.
- Pre-existing retinal or visual field changes.
- Psoriasis, porphyria (may exacerbate these conditions).
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Chloroquine may increase digoxin serum levels.
Amiodarone
Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Cimetidine
Can inhibit chloroquine metabolism, increasing plasma levels.
Mefloquine
Increased risk of convulsions and ECG abnormalities when co-administered.
Antiepileptics
May decrease the anticonvulsant effect.
Antacids & Kaolin
May reduce chloroquine absorption; separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Storage
Store below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, cardiotoxicity (hypotension, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest), convulsions, respiratory depression, and coma. Treatment is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, vasopressors, anticonvulsants, and respiratory support.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C/D (depending on dosage and indication). Chloroquine crosses the placenta but is considered safe for malaria prophylaxis and treatment during pregnancy when benefits outweigh risks. Excreted into breast milk; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding for short-term use at typical doses, but caution is advised.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to chloroquine or 4-aminoquinoline compounds.
- Pre-existing retinal or visual field changes.
- Psoriasis, porphyria (may exacerbate these conditions).
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Chloroquine may increase digoxin serum levels.
Amiodarone
Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Cimetidine
Can inhibit chloroquine metabolism, increasing plasma levels.
Mefloquine
Increased risk of convulsions and ECG abnormalities when co-administered.
Antiepileptics
May decrease the anticonvulsant effect.
Antacids & Kaolin
May reduce chloroquine absorption; separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Storage
Store below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, cardiotoxicity (hypotension, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest), convulsions, respiratory depression, and coma. Treatment is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, vasopressors, anticonvulsants, and respiratory support.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C/D (depending on dosage and indication). Chloroquine crosses the placenta but is considered safe for malaria prophylaxis and treatment during pregnancy when benefits outweigh risks. Excreted into breast milk; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding for short-term use at typical doses, but caution is advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2-3 years, check specific product labeling.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies (with prescription)
Approval Status
Approved by national regulatory bodies (e.g., DGDA, FDA for generic chloroquine)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied for its antimalarial and anti-inflammatory properties over decades. Ongoing research explores its potential in other diseases, though its primary use remains established.
Lab Monitoring
- Ophthalmic examination (baseline and periodically, especially with long-term use).
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) for cardiac toxicity, particularly with high doses.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) and liver/kidney function tests periodically.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of accurate dosing and administration route for injections to minimize cardiac risks.
- Advise patients on the signs and symptoms of retinal toxicity and the need for regular ophthalmologic exams for prolonged therapy.
- Be aware of drug interactions, especially with other QT-prolonging agents or drugs that affect seizure threshold.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any visual disturbances immediately (e.g., blurred vision, difficulty reading, light sensitivity).
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose to avoid serious side effects.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause blurred vision, dizziness, or headache. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Take with food to minimize stomach upset.
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
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