Kemin
Generic Name
Metformin Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Various Manufacturers
Country
Global
Loading images...
Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kemin 850 mg tablet | ৳ 4.01 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class. It is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes, especially in people who are overweight. It helps to lower blood glucose levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver, reducing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily with meals. May be gradually increased to a maximum of 2550 mg/day in divided doses.
Elderly
Start with a lower dose (e.g., 500 mg once daily) and adjust based on renal function. Monitor renal function regularly.
Renal_impairment
eGFR 45-60 mL/min/1.73m²: Max 1000 mg/day. eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m²: Contraindicated.
How to Take
Take Kemin 850 mg tablet orally with food, usually with the evening meal, to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush, chew, or break it.
Mechanism of Action
Metformin primarily acts by decreasing hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis) through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). It also decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within hours, full effect within 2 weeks.
Excretion
Primarily renally excreted via tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 4-9 hours.
Absorption
Approximately 50-60% oral bioavailability. Absorption is slow and incomplete.
Metabolism
Not metabolized in the liver. Excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²)
- Metabolic acidosis (including diabetic ketoacidosis)
- Hypersensitivity to Metformin
- Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
Cimetidine
May increase Metformin plasma concentration by reducing renal clearance.
Iodinated contrast agents
Temporarily discontinue Metformin before or at the time of the procedure in patients with an eGFR between 30 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; in patients with a history of liver disease, alcoholism, or heart failure; or in patients who will be administered intra-arterial iodinated contrast. Re-evaluate eGFR 48 hours after the imaging procedure, and restart Metformin if renal function is stable.
Diuretics (especially loop diuretics)
May increase the risk of lactic acidosis due to potential renal function impairment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of Metformin can lead to lactic acidosis, which is a medical emergency. Symptoms include severe malaise, myalgia, respiratory distress, somnolence, and abdominal pain. Management involves supportive care and prompt hemodialysis to remove Metformin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Limited data suggest it can be used during pregnancy if necessary. Consult a doctor. Metformin is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised during breastfeeding. Discuss risks and benefits with a healthcare provider.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture, depending on the manufacturer.
Availability
Pharmacies worldwide
Approval Status
FDA approved
Patent Status
Generic Available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Metformin has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials, including the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), which demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing diabetes-related complications and mortality in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (eGFR) at least annually (more frequently in elderly or impaired patients)
- Blood glucose levels (HbA1c)
- Vitamin B12 levels (especially in long-term users or those with risk factors for deficiency)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of renal function monitoring, especially in elderly patients.
- Counsel patients on the symptoms of lactic acidosis and when to seek immediate medical attention.
- Consider vitamin B12 supplementation in long-term Metformin users, particularly if symptoms of deficiency arise.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Kemin 850 mg tablet with food to minimize stomach upset.
- Follow your doctor's instructions regarding diet and exercise.
- Do not stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor if you experience unusual muscle pain, difficulty breathing, or severe stomach pain, as these could be signs of lactic acidosis.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose of Kemin, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Kemin (Metformin) alone usually does not cause hypoglycemia and therefore does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if used in combination with other antidiabetic agents that can cause hypoglycemia (e.g., sulfonylureas, insulin), caution is advised.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet appropriate for diabetes management.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your healthcare provider.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.