Kepronol
Generic Name
Ketorolac Tromethamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.5%
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kepronol 05 eye drop | ৳ 80.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Kepronol 0.5% Eye Drop contains Ketorolac Tromethamine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve eye itching caused by seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and to treat inflammation and pain after cataract surgery.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: one drop (0.25 mg) four times a day. For postoperative inflammation and pain: one drop four times a day, starting 24 hours after surgery and continuing for up to 2 weeks.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment required; use with caution in patients with other comorbidities.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment needed for topical ophthalmic use due to minimal systemic absorption.
How to Take
For ophthalmic use only. Instill one drop into the affected eye(s) as directed. Avoid touching the dropper tip to the eye or any other surface to prevent contamination.
Mechanism of Action
Ketorolac inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by reversibly blocking the cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes. Prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation, pain, and itching.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Pain relief within 1 hour, anti-inflammatory effects develop over hours to days.
Excretion
Mainly renal excretion of metabolites and unchanged drug.
Half life
Systemic plasma half-life is approximately 5-6 hours, but ocular half-life may differ due to local tissue binding and metabolism.
Absorption
Limited systemic absorption after topical ophthalmic administration. Peak plasma concentrations are very low.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic metabolism, though minimal systemic absorption limits this.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ketorolac tromethamine or any component of the formulation
- Patients with aspirin allergy or other NSAID hypersensitivity (cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Other NSAIDs (systemic)
Increased risk of systemic side effects if significant absorption occurs.
Anticoagulants/Antiplatelet agents
Theoretical increased risk of bleeding, though negligible with topical ophthalmic use.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C). Protect from light. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Systemic overdose is unlikely with ophthalmic application. Ocular overdose may result in increased local side effects (e.g., irritation). Manage symptomatically.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Caution advised during lactation as ketorolac is excreted in human milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ketorolac tromethamine or any component of the formulation
- Patients with aspirin allergy or other NSAID hypersensitivity (cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Other NSAIDs (systemic)
Increased risk of systemic side effects if significant absorption occurs.
Anticoagulants/Antiplatelet agents
Theoretical increased risk of bleeding, though negligible with topical ophthalmic use.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C). Protect from light. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Systemic overdose is unlikely with ophthalmic application. Ocular overdose may result in increased local side effects (e.g., irritation). Manage symptomatically.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Caution advised during lactation as ketorolac is excreted in human milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 months (unopened). Discard 28 days after opening.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by FDA and DGDA
Patent Status
Generic available, patent expired
Clinical Trials
Extensively studied for post-cataract surgery pain and inflammation, and for allergic conjunctivitis. Efficacy and safety established through numerous randomized controlled trials.
Lab Monitoring
- No specific lab monitoring required for topical ophthalmic use.
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients on proper instillation technique.
- Monitor for signs of corneal toxicity with prolonged use.
- Avoid concomitant use with other topical NSAIDs or corticosteroids unless specifically indicated.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not use if solution changes color or becomes cloudy.
- Remove contact lenses before use and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting.
- Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause temporary blurred vision or irritation immediately after instillation. Avoid driving or operating machinery until vision clears.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid rubbing eyes if irritation occurs.
- Report any worsening of symptoms or new visual disturbances to your doctor.
- Wear protective eyewear if exposed to irritants.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.