Ketosma
Generic Name
Ketosma 1 mg Tablet
Manufacturer
Drug International Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ketosma 1 mg tablet | ৳ 2.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ketosma (Ketotifen) is an anti-allergic medication primarily used for the long-term prevention of asthma, and treatment of allergic conditions such as allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis. It acts as a mast cell stabilizer and an H1-antihistamine.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
1 mg orally twice daily, with food. In patients susceptible to sedation, initiate with 0.5 mg twice daily for the first week.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required, but caution is advised due to potential for increased sensitivity to side effects.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment is typically required, but use with caution in severe impairment.
How to Take
Take orally, with food, usually in the morning and evening.
Mechanism of Action
Ketotifen stabilizes mast cells, preventing the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine and leukotrienes. It also acts as a potent H1-receptor antagonist, blocking histamine's effects on target cells, thereby reducing allergic symptoms.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antihistamine effects may be seen within hours, but full antiasthmatic effect may take several weeks (2-10 weeks).
Excretion
Approximately 60-70% excreted via urine (mainly as metabolites) and 30% via feces.
Half life
Biphasic elimination with an initial half-life of 3-5 hours and a terminal half-life of 12-24 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, but bioavailability is about 50% due to first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by N-demethylation and glucuronidation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ketotifen or any component of the formulation
- Patients with epilepsy or a history of convulsions (use with caution)
Drug Interactions
Oral antidiabetics
There have been rare reports of a reversible fall in platelet count in patients concurrently taking ketotifen and oral antidiabetic agents. Concurrent use should therefore be avoided.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics)
May enhance the sedative effects of Ketotifen.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, confusion, disorientation, nystagmus, tachycardia, dyspnea, and convulsions. Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment. Dialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Ketotifen is excreted in breast milk; therefore, it is generally recommended to avoid during lactation or discontinue breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ketotifen or any component of the formulation
- Patients with epilepsy or a history of convulsions (use with caution)
Drug Interactions
Oral antidiabetics
There have been rare reports of a reversible fall in platelet count in patients concurrently taking ketotifen and oral antidiabetic agents. Concurrent use should therefore be avoided.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics)
May enhance the sedative effects of Ketotifen.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, confusion, disorientation, nystagmus, tachycardia, dyspnea, and convulsions. Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment. Dialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Ketotifen is excreted in breast milk; therefore, it is generally recommended to avoid during lactation or discontinue breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities in Bangladesh
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Ketotifen has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety as a prophylactic agent for asthma and in the treatment of various allergic conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor liver function tests periodically during long-term therapy, especially if patients develop symptoms of liver dysfunction.
- Blood cell counts, particularly platelet count, should be monitored if used concurrently with oral antidiabetics.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize that Ketotifen is a prophylactic treatment for asthma and should not be used for acute attacks.
- Advise patients on the delayed onset of full antiasthmatic effect and the importance of continued regular use.
- Counsel patients about potential drowsiness and drug interactions, especially with CNS depressants.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not suddenly discontinue other asthma medications when starting Ketosma; consult your doctor for gradual reduction.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may increase drowsiness.
- Initial drowsiness usually subsides after a few days of treatment.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ketosma may cause drowsiness or dizziness, especially at the start of treatment. Patients should be warned about driving vehicles or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Identify and avoid known allergens or triggers for asthma and allergic conditions.
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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