Administered by injection, typically subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously depending on the type of anesthesia or procedure. Always administered by a trained healthcare professional.

Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action. It blocks voltage-gated sodium channels.

• •Hypersensitivity to lidocaine or other amide-type local anesthetics
• •Adam-Stokes syndrome
• •Severe degrees of heart block
• •Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome
• •Uncontrolled epilepsy

Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze.

Symptoms include CNS excitation (seizures, tremors), followed by CNS depression (respiratory depression, coma), and cardiovascular effects (hypotension, bradycardia, cardiac arrest). Management involves maintaining airway, administering oxygen, managing seizures (e.g., with benzodiazepines), and supporting cardiovascular function. Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy may be used for severe cases.

Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Lidocaine is excreted into breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.