Losa
Generic Name
Losartan Potassium
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| losa 50 mg tablet | ৳ 6.02 | ৳ 60.20 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Losa 50 mg tablet contains Losartan Potassium, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), reduce the risk of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart, and manage kidney disease in type 2 diabetes.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose is typically 50 mg once daily. The dose can be increased to 100 mg once daily if needed, or a diuretic can be added. For stroke risk reduction, 50 mg once daily, adjusted based on BP response. For diabetic nephropathy, 50 mg once daily, adjusted based on BP response.
Elderly
No initial dose adjustment is generally required, but consider a lower starting dose (e.g., 25 mg) for patients with possible intravascular volume depletion.
Renal_impairment
No initial dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe renal impairment or patients on dialysis, a lower starting dose (e.g., 25 mg) may be considered.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food, usually once daily. It is recommended to take it at the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Losartan selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland, kidneys, heart). This blockade inhibits the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced fluid retention.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Blood pressure reduction begins within 6 hours; maximal effect achieved within 3-6 weeks of consistent therapy.
Excretion
Approximately 35% excreted in urine and 60% in feces (via bile) as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Losartan: approximately 2 hours; active metabolite (E-3174): 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, with approximately 33% systemic bioavailability. Food slows absorption but does not significantly affect the extent.
Metabolism
Extensive first-pass metabolism by CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 enzymes in the liver to an active carboxylic acid metabolite (E-3174) and several inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the tablet
- Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters)
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
- Severe hepatic impairment
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported with concomitant use of ARBs.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May enhance the hypotensive effect.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of Losartan and increase the risk of renal function deterioration, especially in dehydrated or elderly patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, amiloride, triamterene) or Potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Limited data are available regarding overdose in humans. The most likely manifestations would be hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. If symptomatic hypotension occurs, supportive treatment should be instituted. The drug and its active metabolite cannot be removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Losartan is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm and death. If pregnancy is detected, discontinue treatment immediately. It is not known whether Losartan is excreted in human milk; however, due to the potential for adverse effects on the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the tablet
- Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters)
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
- Severe hepatic impairment
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported with concomitant use of ARBs.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May enhance the hypotensive effect.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of Losartan and increase the risk of renal function deterioration, especially in dehydrated or elderly patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, amiloride, triamterene) or Potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Limited data are available regarding overdose in humans. The most likely manifestations would be hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. If symptomatic hypotension occurs, supportive treatment should be instituted. The drug and its active metabolite cannot be removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Losartan is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm and death. If pregnancy is detected, discontinue treatment immediately. It is not known whether Losartan is excreted in human milk; however, due to the potential for adverse effects on the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
FDA/DGDA approved
Patent Status
Patent expired, generic versions available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Losartan has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in treating hypertension, reducing stroke risk, and managing diabetic nephropathy. Key trials include the LIFE study (Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension) and RENAAL study (Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan).
Lab Monitoring
- Serum potassium levels (especially in patients with renal impairment or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics)
- Renal function (serum creatinine and BUN)
- Liver function tests (if liver dysfunction is suspected)
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients to monitor blood pressure regularly and report any persistent side effects.
- Counsel women of childbearing potential about the risks during pregnancy.
- Check serum potassium and creatinine levels periodically, especially at initiation and after dose adjustments.
Patient Guidelines
- Take your medicine regularly as prescribed, even if you feel well.
- Do not stop taking Losartan without consulting your doctor.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly at home if advised by your doctor.
- Avoid sudden changes in position to prevent dizziness.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Losa 50 mg Tablet may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially at the start of treatment or when the dose is increased. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a low-sodium diet and limit processed foods.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
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