Macflox
Generic Name
Moxifloxacin 400 mg Tablet
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| macflox 400 mg tablet | ৳ 50.00 | ৳ 500.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Macflox 400 mg Tablet is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. It is used to treat various bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and intra-abdominal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
400 mg orally once daily for 5-21 days, depending on the infection type.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is necessary for patients with mild to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤30 mL/min/1.73m²) or for patients on hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
How to Take
Take Macflox 400 mg Tablet orally, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush, cut, or chew the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Moxifloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid.
Excretion
Excreted both renally (20% as unchanged drug) and through feces (25% as unchanged drug), and as metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 11-15 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, with an absolute bioavailability of approximately 90%. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 0.5-4 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver via glucuronide and sulfate conjugation (Phase II reactions), not involving cytochrome P450 system.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolone antibiotics.
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration.
- Patients with known QTc prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia, or significant bradycardia.
- Patients with a history of liver disease (Child-Pugh Class C) or elevated transaminases.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Enhanced anticoagulant effect, requiring close monitoring of INR.
Corticosteroids
Concomitant use may increase the risk of tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antacids, Sucralfate, Metal Cations (e.g., iron, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, calcium)
These agents can chelate moxifloxacin, significantly reducing its oral bioavailability. Administer moxifloxacin at least 6 hours before or 2 hours after these products.
Antiarrhythmics (e.g., Class IA and Class III), Tricyclic Antidepressants, Macrolides, Antipsychotics
Coadministration may prolong the QTc interval, increasing the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In the event of an acute overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. ECG monitoring should be performed due to the potential for QTc prolongation. There is no specific antidote for moxifloxacin. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is unlikely to remove significant amounts of the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Moxifloxacin is classified as Pregnancy Category C. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolone antibiotics.
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration.
- Patients with known QTc prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia, or significant bradycardia.
- Patients with a history of liver disease (Child-Pugh Class C) or elevated transaminases.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Enhanced anticoagulant effect, requiring close monitoring of INR.
Corticosteroids
Concomitant use may increase the risk of tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antacids, Sucralfate, Metal Cations (e.g., iron, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, calcium)
These agents can chelate moxifloxacin, significantly reducing its oral bioavailability. Administer moxifloxacin at least 6 hours before or 2 hours after these products.
Antiarrhythmics (e.g., Class IA and Class III), Tricyclic Antidepressants, Macrolides, Antipsychotics
Coadministration may prolong the QTc interval, increasing the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In the event of an acute overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. ECG monitoring should be performed due to the potential for QTc prolongation. There is no specific antidote for moxifloxacin. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is unlikely to remove significant amounts of the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Moxifloxacin is classified as Pregnancy Category C. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Patent expired, generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Moxifloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections. Studies have evaluated its use in respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and intra-abdominal infections, showing comparable or superior outcomes to other standard antibiotics.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic monitoring of liver function tests (ALT, AST) in patients with pre-existing liver disease.
- Monitoring of electrolytes (potassium, magnesium) in patients at risk for QTc prolongation.
- ECG monitoring for QTc interval in patients with cardiac risk factors.
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe with caution in patients with a history of QTc prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia, or significant bradycardia due to the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
- Counsel patients on the serious risks of fluoroquinolones, including tendinitis, tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects. Discontinue immediately if these symptoms occur.
- Monitor for signs of superinfection, including Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve to prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Avoid excessive exposure to direct sunlight or artificial UV light, and use protective clothing and sunscreen.
- Report any signs of tendon pain, swelling, or rupture immediately to your doctor.
- Report any numbness, tingling, or weakness in the extremities.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Macflox may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be advised to know how they react to moxifloxacin before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well-hydrated throughout the treatment period.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may worsen some side effects.
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