Maxcal
Generic Name
Calcium Carbonate
Manufacturer
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| maxcal 500 mg tablet | ৳ 3.25 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Maxcal 500 mg Tablet is a calcium supplement used to prevent and treat calcium deficiencies. It is essential for strong bones, healthy nerve function, and proper muscle contraction. It can also be used as an antacid to relieve heartburn and indigestion.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
As a dietary supplement: 500-1000 mg of elemental calcium daily, usually in divided doses. As an antacid: 500-1500 mg as needed, not exceeding 7.5g/day.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but monitor for hypercalcemia and renal function, especially if combined with Vitamin D.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Dosage adjustments may be necessary based on serum calcium levels and renal function. Avoid in severe renal impairment without medical supervision.
How to Take
Take orally, preferably with meals to enhance absorption. If used as an antacid, chew tablets thoroughly before swallowing or take with water as directed.
Mechanism of Action
Calcium carbonate provides elemental calcium, which is absorbed and incorporated into bone tissue. It also acts as an antacid by neutralizing stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) to form water and carbon dioxide, increasing gastric pH.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
As an antacid, effects are typically within minutes. As a supplement, systemic effects on bone health are gradual.
Excretion
Unabsorbed calcium is excreted in feces. Absorbed calcium is primarily excreted via the kidneys, with some intestinal excretion.
Half life
Calcium's half-life is complex due to its constant turnover in bone and regulation by hormones; it's not defined by a single value but rather by its physiological regulation and excretion.
Absorption
Approximately 20-30% of elemental calcium from calcium carbonate is absorbed, primarily in the small intestine, enhanced by Vitamin D. Absorption can be reduced by certain foods (e.g., high oxalate, phytate) and drugs.
Metabolism
Elemental calcium is not metabolized in the traditional sense; it's an ion. It participates in various physiological processes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood)
- Severe renal impairment (unless on dialysis and calcium levels are carefully monitored)
- Hypersensitivity to calcium carbonate or any component of the formulation
- Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) or a history of recurrent kidney stones
Drug Interactions
Bisphosphonates
Calcium can interfere with the absorption of bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate). Take calcium at least 30 minutes after bisphosphonates, or as advised.
Iron Supplements
Calcium may decrease iron absorption. Take at different times of the day.
Thiazide Diuretics
May increase serum calcium levels by increasing renal reabsorption of calcium, leading to hypercalcemia.
Tetracyclines & Quinolones
Calcium can chelate these antibiotics, reducing their absorption. Take calcium at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after these antibiotics.
Thyroid Hormones (Levothyroxine)
Calcium can reduce levothyroxine absorption. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe constipation, nausea, vomiting, confusion, fatigue, excessive thirst, and increased urination. Severe overdose can lead to hypercalcemia, milk-alkali syndrome, and renal failure. Management involves discontinuation of calcium, hydration, and potentially diuretics or calcitonin under medical supervision.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Calcium carbonate is generally considered safe during pregnancy and lactation when taken at recommended doses. Adequate calcium intake is crucial for both mother and fetal bone development. Consult a doctor before use.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture
Availability
Available in pharmacies and drugstores
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Calcium carbonate has been extensively studied in clinical trials for its efficacy in preventing and treating osteoporosis, managing calcium deficiency, and as an antacid. Numerous studies support its role in bone mineral density improvement and fracture prevention, often in combination with Vitamin D.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum calcium levels (especially with long-term use or in patients with renal impairment)
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN)
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on potential drug and food interactions, especially with antibiotics and thyroid hormones.
- Advise patients to take with meals for better absorption and to minimize GI side effects.
- Monitor serum calcium and renal function in patients on long-term therapy or with pre-existing renal conditions.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as directed by your doctor or as on the label.
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Take with food to improve absorption and reduce stomach upset.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent constipation.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Calcium carbonate is not known to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Incorporate calcium-rich foods (dairy products, leafy greens) into your diet.
- Ensure adequate Vitamin D intake, as it is essential for calcium absorption.
- Engage in regular weight-bearing exercise to support bone health.
- Limit intake of foods that may inhibit calcium absorption (e.g., high oxalate/phytate foods).
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.