Medrol
Generic Name
Methylprednisolone
Manufacturer
Pfizer
Country
USA
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
medrol 16 mg tablet | ৳ 30.00 | ৳ 420.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Methylprednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid used for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in a wide range of conditions, including allergic disorders, rheumatic diseases, skin conditions, and respiratory issues.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies widely depending on the disease being treated and the patient's response. Typically, initial doses range from 4 mg to 48 mg per day, given as a single dose or in divided doses. For acute severe conditions, higher doses might be used for a short period.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustments are usually required based solely on age, but elderly patients may be more susceptible to adverse effects; thus, lower initial doses and careful monitoring may be prudent.
Renal_impairment
No routine dosage adjustment is generally needed for patients with renal impairment, but caution is advised in patients with severe renal disease due to potential fluid retention.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food. It is often recommended to take corticosteroids in the morning to align with the body's natural cortisol rhythm and minimize sleep disturbances.
Mechanism of Action
Methylprednisolone binds to glucocorticoid receptors in the cytoplasm, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus. This complex modulates gene expression, leading to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins and inhibition of inflammatory mediators, thereby suppressing immune responses.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Anti-inflammatory effects generally begin within hours of administration. The full therapeutic effect may take several days.
Excretion
Excreted predominantly in the urine as inactive metabolites.
Half life
The plasma half-life is approximately 2-3 hours. The biological half-life, which correlates better with therapeutic effect, is 18-36 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations typically occur within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver, mainly by the CYP3A4 enzyme, to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to methylprednisolone or any component of the formulation
- Live or live-attenuated vaccines when receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids
Drug Interactions
Vaccines
Administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines is contraindicated in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids.
Warfarin
Corticosteroids may potentiate or inhibit the effects of warfarin; close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Diuretics (Thiazide and Loop)
May enhance potassium depletion, increasing the risk of hypokalemia.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
Concurrent use may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Rifampicin, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine)
May decrease plasma concentrations of methylprednisolone, reducing its therapeutic effects.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, Grapefruit Juice)
May increase plasma concentrations of methylprednisolone, potentially leading to increased systemic effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose of corticosteroids is rarely life-threatening. Prolonged use of high doses can lead to signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (e.g., moon face, fluid retention, high blood pressure). Management is primarily symptomatic and supportive; no specific antidote is available.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Methylprednisolone is excreted in breast milk; advise caution and monitor the infant for potential adverse effects (e.g., growth suppression, adrenal suppression).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Methylprednisolone is a well-established drug with extensive clinical trial data supporting its efficacy and safety across various indications. Ongoing research continues to explore its role in new therapeutic areas and optimize existing protocols.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood pressure monitoring
- Serum electrolyte levels (especially potassium)
- Blood glucose levels (especially in diabetic or pre-diabetic patients)
- Bone mineral density (for long-term therapy)
- Ophthalmologic examination (for long-term therapy to check for cataracts/glaucoma)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of gradual dose tapering to prevent adrenal insufficiency.
- Monitor patients for signs of infection, especially atypical presentations, due to immunosuppressive effects.
- Educate patients on potential mood changes and encourage them to report such symptoms.
- Consider bone-protective measures (e.g., calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates) for patients on long-term therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking Medrol abruptly, especially after long-term use, as it may lead to withdrawal symptoms or adrenal crisis. Tapering off the dose must be done under medical supervision.
- Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products, to avoid potential drug interactions.
- Report any unusual symptoms or side effects to your doctor immediately, such as severe mood changes, vision problems, unexplained fever, or signs of infection.
- Avoid close contact with people who have infections (e.g., chickenpox, measles) as your immune system may be suppressed.
- Carry an identification card stating you are taking corticosteroids, especially if you are on long-term therapy, in case of emergencies.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Medrol may cause dizziness or visual disturbances in some individuals. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to help prevent osteoporosis, especially during long-term therapy.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise as advised by your doctor to help maintain bone density and muscle strength.
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly if you have diabetes or are at risk of developing it, as corticosteroids can elevate blood glucose.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption and smoking, as these can exacerbate some side effects of corticosteroids, such as gastrointestinal irritation and bone loss.
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