Metguard
Generic Name
Metformin Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| metguard 500 mg tablet | ৳ 3.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Metguard is an oral antidiabetic drug used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps to lower blood glucose levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and increasing insulin sensitivity.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily with meals. Max dose: 2550 mg/day.
Elderly
Careful dose titration, monitor renal function due to potential for decreased renal function.
Renal_impairment
Contraindicated if eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m². Dose adjustment required for eGFR 30-60 mL/min/1.73m².
How to Take
Take orally with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole, not crushed or chewed.
Mechanism of Action
Metformin primarily reduces hepatic glucose production by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. It also increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, leading to increased glucose uptake and utilization, and delays intestinal glucose absorption.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action is within days, full effect within 2 weeks.
Excretion
Excreted unchanged in the urine.
Half life
Plasma elimination half-life is approximately 6.2 hours.
Absorption
Oral bioavailability is 50-60%. Absorption is incomplete and saturable.
Metabolism
Not metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²)
- Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis
- Hypersensitivity to metformin
Drug Interactions
Cimetidine
Increases metformin plasma concentration.
Iodinated contrast agents
Risk of acute renal failure and lactic acidosis. Discontinue before/at time of procedure and restart 48 hours after, given renal function is normal.
Diuretics, corticosteroids
May decrease glycemic control.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include lactic acidosis. Management involves hemodialysis to remove metformin, along with symptomatic and supportive measures.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Generally, insulin is preferred for managing diabetes in pregnancy. Metformin may be considered in specific cases. Small amounts pass into breast milk; typically considered compatible with breastfeeding with caution.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating efficacy in glycemic control and cardiovascular benefits in certain populations. UKPDS showed reduced cardiovascular events in overweight patients.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (eGFR) periodically
- HbA1c regularly
- Vitamin B12 levels annually for long-term users
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize renal function monitoring.
- Educate patients on lactic acidosis symptoms.
- Consider B12 supplementation for long-term use.
Patient Guidelines
- Take with food.
- Do not crush or chew extended-release tablets.
- Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking.
- Report any signs of lactic acidosis immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Metformin generally does not cause hypoglycemia when used alone, so it usually does not impair ability to drive or operate machinery. However, caution is advised if used in combination with other antidiabetic agents that can cause hypoglycemia.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Monitor blood glucose levels as advised.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.