Noanxit
Generic Name
Etizolam
Manufacturer
Drug International Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| noanxit 10 mg tablet | ৳ 3.20 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Etizolam (Noanxit) is a thienobenzodiazepine derivative used for short-term treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia. It acts similarly to benzodiazepines by enhancing GABAergic transmission in the brain, leading to calming and sedative effects. The 10 mg strength is considerably higher than usual recommended doses for Etizolam.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For anxiety: 0.5-1 mg two to three times daily. For insomnia: 1-2 mg at bedtime. The 10 mg strength is considerably higher than usual recommended doses and should only be used under strict medical supervision for specific severe conditions if prescribed.
Elderly
Lower doses recommended, e.g., 0.25-0.5 mg once daily, adjusted based on response and tolerability, due to increased sensitivity and risk of side effects.
Renal_impairment
Caution advised; dose adjustment may be necessary. Start with lower doses and monitor renal function.
How to Take
Oral administration. Can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Etizolam enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, at GABA-A receptors. This leads to increased chloride ion influx, hyperpolarization of neurons, and consequently, central nervous system depression, resulting in anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Anxiolytic/Sedative effects usually within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Mainly via urine as metabolites, with a small portion excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 6-8 hours for Etizolam; active metabolite alpha-hydroxyetizolam has a half-life of around 8 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations reached within 0.5-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, via cytochrome P450 enzymes (mainly CYP2C9 and CYP3A4).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Etizolam or other thienobenzodiazepines
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Myasthenia gravis
- Sleep apnea syndrome
Drug Interactions
Antacids
May delay absorption of Etizolam.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin, ritonavir)
May significantly increase Etizolam plasma levels, leading to enhanced and potentially toxic effects.
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., rifampicin, carbamazepine, St. John's Wort)
May decrease Etizolam plasma levels, reducing its efficacy.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, opioids, other anxiolytics, antihistamines, antidepressants)
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression, hypotension, and profound CNS depression.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose typically include somnolence, confusion, ataxia, diminished reflexes, hypotension, respiratory depression, and coma. In severe cases, cardiovascular and respiratory depression can be life-threatening. Management involves supportive care, gastric lavage if recent ingestion, and close monitoring of vital signs. Flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, may be used to reverse CNS depression but should be used with caution due to the risk of precipitating withdrawal symptoms or seizures in dependent patients.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm including congenital malformations and withdrawal symptoms in neonates if used during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Avoid during pregnancy. Etizolam is excreted in breast milk; avoid during lactation as it may cause sedation and feeding difficulties in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from manufacturing date, check specific packaging for details.
Availability
Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by relevant regulatory authorities (e.g., DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available, patent expired
Clinical Trials
Etizolam has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy in the short-term treatment of anxiety and insomnia. Studies have shown its ability to reduce anxiety symptoms and improve sleep parameters, with a similar profile to benzodiazepines but with some differences in receptor binding and pharmacokinetic properties.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (periodically, especially with prolonged use or in patients with hepatic impairment)
- Renal function tests (in patients with renal impairment)
- Complete blood count (rarely, if blood dyscrasias are suspected)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of short-term use due to high risk of dependence and tolerance.
- Educate patients on potential withdrawal symptoms and the need for gradual dose reduction.
- Assess for substance abuse history before prescribing and monitor for signs of misuse.
- Caution against concomitant use with alcohol and other CNS depressants, particularly opioids.
- Prescribe the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary.
Patient Guidelines
- Take this medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not increase the dose or frequency without medical advice.
- Do not stop taking this medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor, as withdrawal symptoms may occur.
- Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants while taking this medication.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements, you are taking.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine can cause drowsiness, dizziness, impaired concentration, and reduced coordination. These effects can significantly impair your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery safely. Avoid such activities until you are certain how this medicine affects you and that you can perform them safely.
Lifestyle Advice
- To manage anxiety and insomnia, consider incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga into your daily routine.
- Maintain good sleep hygiene by having a regular sleep schedule, creating a comfortable sleep environment, and avoiding caffeine and heavy meals before bedtime.
- Regular physical activity can help alleviate anxiety and improve sleep quality, but avoid intense exercise close to bedtime.
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Global Brand Names
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