Ondan
Generic Name
Ondansetron 8 mg Tablet
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ondan 8 mg tablet | ৳ 11.00 | ৳ 110.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ondansetron is an anti-emetic medicine used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It works by blocking the action of serotonin, a natural substance in the body that can cause nausea and vomiting.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: 8 mg 1-2 hours before chemotherapy, followed by 8 mg every 8-12 hours for up to 5 days. Radiation-induced nausea and vomiting: 8 mg 1-2 hours before radiation, then 8 mg every 8 hours. Post-operative nausea and vomiting: 8 mg given 1 hour before anesthesia or 8 mg after surgery.
Elderly
No general dose adjustment is required for elderly patients, but caution is advised in those with severe hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is required for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food. For best results, take as directed before the anticipated nausea/vomiting.
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Serotonin 5-HT3 receptors are located both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals in the gastrointestinal tract and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain. By blocking these receptors, ondansetron prevents serotonin from initiating the vomiting reflex.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Oral: Within 30 minutes; Intravenous: Rapid, within minutes.
Excretion
About 5-10% of the unchanged drug is excreted in urine, with the remainder excreted as metabolites via urine and feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-6 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and complete from the gastrointestinal tract. Oral bioavailability is approximately 60% due to first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Extensive hepatic metabolism, primarily by CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol; increased risk of serotonin syndrome with other serotonergic drugs.
Apomorphine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging agents
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes (e.g., antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics, certain antibiotics).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vagal episode with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, as there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known whether ondansetron is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol; increased risk of serotonin syndrome with other serotonergic drugs.
Apomorphine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging agents
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes (e.g., antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics, certain antibiotics).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vagal episode with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, as there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known whether ondansetron is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ondansetron has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials to establish its efficacy and safety in preventing chemotherapy-induced, radiation-induced, and post-operative nausea and vomiting.
Lab Monitoring
- ECG monitoring in patients with cardiac risk factors or on other QT-prolonging drugs
- Liver function tests in patients with hepatic impairment or on long-term therapy
Doctor Notes
- Monitor ECG in patients with underlying cardiac conditions or those taking other QT-prolonging medications.
- Avoid concomitant use with apomorphine due to the risk of severe hypotension and loss of consciousness.
- Consider dose adjustment in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ondansetron may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well hydrated, especially during chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
- Eat small, bland meals if you are feeling nauseous.
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