Ostan
Generic Name
Losartan Potassium
Manufacturer
Opsonin Pharma Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ostan 50 mg tablet | ৳ 10.00 | ৳ 100.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ostan 50 mg Tablet contains Losartan Potassium, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes, and heart failure.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Hypertension: Initially 50 mg once daily. Dosage can be increased to 100 mg once daily if needed. Diabetic Nephropathy: Initially 50 mg once daily, may be increased to 100 mg once daily based on blood pressure response.
Elderly
No initial dosage adjustment is typically required for elderly patients unless they have hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No initial dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. For patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) or on dialysis, a lower starting dose (e.g., 25 mg once daily) should be considered.
How to Take
Ostan 50 mg Tablet should be taken orally, with or without food, usually once a day. It is recommended to take the tablet at about the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Losartan selectively blocks the binding of Angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland). This blockade prevents the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of Angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, and lower blood pressure.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations of Losartan are reached in 1 hour, and its active metabolite in 3-4 hours. Antihypertensive effect usually begins within 1 week, with full effect in 3-6 weeks.
Excretion
Approximately 35% is excreted in urine and 58% in feces, as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Losartan: approximately 2 hours; active metabolite (E-3174): 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, undergoes significant first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is approximately 33%.
Metabolism
Undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, primarily by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP2C9 and CYP3A4), to an active carboxylated metabolite (E-3174) and several inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the formulation
- Pregnancy (especially during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters)
- Concomitant use with Aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported. Monitor lithium levels.
Aliskiren
Concomitant use is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) due to increased risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal impairment.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May augment the antihypertensive effect.
NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of Losartan and increase the risk of renal function deterioration, especially in elderly, volume-depleted, or renally impaired patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., Spironolactone, Triamterene, Amiloride) or Potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include hypotension (low blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heartbeat); bradycardia (slow heartbeat) could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care. If ingestion is recent, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Hemodialysis is unlikely to remove Losartan or its active metabolite.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ostan is contraindicated during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury or death. It is not recommended during lactation, as it is unknown whether Losartan is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the formulation
- Pregnancy (especially during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters)
- Concomitant use with Aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported. Monitor lithium levels.
Aliskiren
Concomitant use is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) due to increased risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal impairment.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May augment the antihypertensive effect.
NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of Losartan and increase the risk of renal function deterioration, especially in elderly, volume-depleted, or renally impaired patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., Spironolactone, Triamterene, Amiloride) or Potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include hypotension (low blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heartbeat); bradycardia (slow heartbeat) could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care. If ingestion is recent, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Hemodialysis is unlikely to remove Losartan or its active metabolite.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ostan is contraindicated during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury or death. It is not recommended during lactation, as it is unknown whether Losartan is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture, consult package for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (for Losartan Potassium)
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Losartan has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and heart failure. Key studies include the LIFE study (Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension) and the RENAAL study (Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan).
Lab Monitoring
- Serum potassium levels (especially in patients with renal impairment or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics)
- Renal function (serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen - BUN)
- Blood pressure monitoring
Doctor Notes
- Monitor blood pressure, renal function (eGFR, serum creatinine), and serum potassium levels regularly, especially at initiation and after dose adjustments.
- Advise patients on the importance of adherence and not to discontinue the medication abruptly.
- Caution patients about potential dizziness and advise avoidance of driving/operating machinery if affected.
- Avoid concomitant use with Aliskiren in diabetic patients or those with renal impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Ostan exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking this medicine without consulting your doctor, even if you feel well.
- Inform your doctor if you experience any signs of swelling (face, lips, throat) or difficulty breathing.
- Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium without medical advice.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Ostan may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially at the start of treatment or when changing doses. If you experience these symptoms, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet low in sodium and saturated fats.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Limit alcohol consumption and quit smoking.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly at home.
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