Ovazol
Generic Name
Clomiphene Citrate
Manufacturer
XYZ Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ovazol 25 mg tablet | ৳ 40.00 | ৳ 200.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clomiphene Citrate is a non-steroidal fertility medication used to induce ovulation in women who are anovulatory or oligo-ovulatory, helping them to conceive.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual starting dose is 50 mg orally once daily for 5 days, starting on day 2 or 5 of the menstrual cycle. If 25 mg is prescribed, it might be for specific cases or titration, often increased to 50mg if no ovulation occurs. Do not exceed 100 mg/day.
Elderly
Not typically indicated for elderly women as fertility declines with age and treatment is for reproductive issues.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustments provided; use with caution in patients with severe renal impairment due to limited excretion data.
How to Take
Oral. Take the tablet with a glass of water, with or without food, as directed by your doctor. It's crucial to follow the prescribed cycle and dosage strictly.
Mechanism of Action
Clomiphene acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It binds to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, blocking their interaction with circulating estrogen. This action fools the hypothalamus into perceiving low estrogen levels, leading to an increased pulsatile release of GnRH. This, in turn, stimulates the pituitary gland to increase FSH and LH secretion, promoting ovarian follicular development and subsequent ovulation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Ovulation typically occurs 5-10 days after the last dose of a treatment cycle.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in the feces via enterohepatic recirculation, with some renal excretion.
Half life
Approximately 5-7 days for the parent compound and its active metabolites.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally. Peak plasma levels reached within 4-6 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via hydroxylation and other pathways.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Pregnancy (before initiation of treatment, pregnancy must be excluded)
- Undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding
- Ovarian cysts not due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
- Liver disease or history of liver dysfunction
- Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction
- Primary ovarian failure
- Hypersensitivity to clomiphene citrate or any components of the tablet
Drug Interactions
Danazol
Some sources suggest danazol may increase serum danazol concentrations, but clinical significance with clomiphene is generally low. Limited clinically significant drug-drug interactions have been reported for clomiphene.
Gonadotropins
Concurrent use of clomiphene with gonadotropins may lead to an exaggerated ovarian response, increasing the risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include ovarian enlargement, abdominal pain, hot flushes, and visual disturbances. In cases of overdose, treatment should be symptomatic and supportive, with close monitoring of ovarian size.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Clomiphene Citrate is contraindicated in pregnant women as it may cause fetal harm. It should not be used during lactation as it may decrease milk production and is excreted in breast milk, potentially affecting the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Pregnancy (before initiation of treatment, pregnancy must be excluded)
- Undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding
- Ovarian cysts not due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
- Liver disease or history of liver dysfunction
- Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction
- Primary ovarian failure
- Hypersensitivity to clomiphene citrate or any components of the tablet
Drug Interactions
Danazol
Some sources suggest danazol may increase serum danazol concentrations, but clinical significance with clomiphene is generally low. Limited clinically significant drug-drug interactions have been reported for clomiphene.
Gonadotropins
Concurrent use of clomiphene with gonadotropins may lead to an exaggerated ovarian response, increasing the risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include ovarian enlargement, abdominal pain, hot flushes, and visual disturbances. In cases of overdose, treatment should be symptomatic and supportive, with close monitoring of ovarian size.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Clomiphene Citrate is contraindicated in pregnant women as it may cause fetal harm. It should not be used during lactation as it may decrease milk production and is excreted in breast milk, potentially affecting the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture. Check the expiry date on the packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Clomiphene Citrate has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials since its development, establishing its efficacy and safety for ovulation induction. Studies continue to refine its use in various fertility protocols.
Lab Monitoring
- Basal body temperature (BBT) charting to confirm ovulation
- Serum progesterone levels to confirm ovulation
- Transvaginal ultrasound to monitor follicular development and detect ovarian enlargement
- Liver function tests (LFTs) periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing liver conditions
Doctor Notes
- Careful patient selection, based on thorough diagnostic evaluation, is crucial before initiating clomiphene therapy.
- Close monitoring of ovarian response via ultrasound and serum hormone levels is essential to prevent Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) and ensure optimal timing for conception.
- Counsel patients comprehensively on potential side effects, especially visual disturbances, the risk of multiple pregnancies, and the importance of adhering to the prescribed regimen.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not exceed the recommended dose or duration.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects immediately, especially severe abdominal pain, sudden weight gain, or visual disturbances.
- Understand the increased chance of multiple pregnancies and discuss it with your doctor.
- Schedule regular follow-up appointments with your doctor for monitoring.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ovazol (Clomiphene Citrate) may cause visual disturbances such as blurred vision, spots, or flashes, which can impair your ability to drive or operate machinery. Exercise caution and avoid such activities if you experience these effects.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy weight through diet and exercise, as obesity can affect fertility.
- Manage stress levels, as stress can impact ovulation.
- Avoid alcohol and smoking for better reproductive health.
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