Palorex
Generic Name
Paliperidone Extended-Release
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| palorex 05 mg tablet | ৳ 23.00 | ৳ 230.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Palorex (Paliperidone Extended-Release) is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For schizophrenia: Recommended starting dose is 6 mg once daily, adjusted based on clinical response and tolerability, typically within a range of 3-12 mg once daily. For schizoaffective disorder: Recommended starting dose is 6 mg once daily, with a target range of 6-12 mg once daily.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is routinely recommended based on age alone. However, caution is advised due to potential age-related renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
For moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance 30 to <50 mL/min), recommended dose is 3 mg once daily. For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 10 to <30 mL/min), recommended dose is 1.5 mg once daily. Not recommended for end-stage renal disease (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min).
How to Take
Take Palorex orally once daily with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or divide it, as this may affect the extended-release properties.
Mechanism of Action
Paliperidone acts as a central dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, modulating neurotransmission in the brain to reduce psychotic symptoms.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical effects may take several days to weeks to become fully established.
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (approximately 59% unchanged in urine).
Half life
The effective half-life is approximately 23 hours.
Absorption
Slow and variable absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching peak plasma concentrations in 24-48 hours.
Metabolism
Minor hepatic metabolism via CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, but mainly eliminated unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to paliperidone or risperidone
- Severe central nervous system depression or comatose states
Drug Interactions
Carbamazepine
May significantly decrease paliperidone plasma concentrations, requiring dose adjustment.
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Avoid concurrent use with other QT-prolonging drugs.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines)
May potentiate the sedative effects of Palorex. Concurrent use should be approached with caution.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, sedation, tachycardia, hypotension, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Management involves supportive care, maintaining an adequate airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. Cardiac monitoring should be initiated immediately, and treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Use only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Neonates exposed to antipsychotics during the third trimester are at risk for extrapyramidal and/or withdrawal symptoms. Lactation: Paliperidone is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Available in all pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Patent Expired
Clinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, including studies on long-term maintenance and relapse prevention.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of blood glucose and lipid profile due to risk of metabolic changes.
- Baseline and periodic assessment of weight.
- Renal function tests (creatinine clearance) before and during treatment, especially in elderly or patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Prolactin levels if symptomatic.
- ECG monitoring, especially in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Doctor Notes
- Assess patients for cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., hypotension, QT prolongation) before initiating therapy and monitor regularly.
- Educate patients and caregivers about the risk of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and Tardive Dyskinesia, and advise to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms occur.
- Consider the potential for drug interactions, especially with other CNS depressants or drugs affecting QT interval.
- Emphasize adherence to therapy and the importance of not discontinuing the medication abruptly.
Patient Guidelines
- Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor, at the same time each day.
- Do not stop taking Palorex abruptly, even if you feel better, as this may lead to a relapse of symptoms. Consult your doctor for dosage adjustments or discontinuation.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects, especially uncontrollable muscle movements, fever, muscle stiffness, or confusion, to your doctor immediately.
- Be aware that this medication may cause drowsiness or dizziness, especially at the beginning of treatment. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose of Palorex, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Palorex may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including motor vehicles, until they are reasonably certain that paliperidone extended-release therapy does not adversely affect them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet and engage in regular physical activity to help manage weight gain, a common side effect of antipsychotics.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may increase the sedative effects of Palorex.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
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