Pegferon
Generic Name
Peginterferon alfa-2a
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| pegferon 180 mcg injection | ৳ 12,000.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Pegferon (Peginterferon alfa-2a) is a pegylated form of interferon alfa-2a used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. The pegylation process extends its half-life, allowing for once-weekly administration.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Chronic Hepatitis C: 180 mcg subcutaneously once weekly, often in combination with Ribavirin. Chronic Hepatitis B: 180 mcg subcutaneously once weekly.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required based on age alone, but caution is advised due to potential for decreased renal function. Monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 30-50 mL/min: 135 mcg once weekly. For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min (including hemodialysis): 90 mcg once weekly.
How to Take
Administer by subcutaneous injection into the abdomen or thigh. Patients may be trained to self-administer the injection.
Mechanism of Action
Peginterferon alfa-2a binds to specific receptors on the cell surface, initiating an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to the transcription of various interferon-stimulated genes. These genes encode proteins that mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antiviral effects typically become evident after several weeks of treatment.
Excretion
Primarily eliminated via the kidneys, with a small portion excreted in bile.
Half life
Prolonged elimination half-life of approximately 80 hours due to pegylation, allowing for once-weekly dosing.
Absorption
Slow and sustained absorption following subcutaneous administration, with peak serum concentrations occurring 72-96 hours post-dose. Bioavailability is approximately 84%.
Metabolism
The exact metabolic pathway is not fully elucidated; likely involves proteolytic degradation and renal elimination.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to peginterferon alfa-2a or any component of the formulation.
- Autoimmune hepatitis.
- Decompensated hepatic disease (Child-Pugh B or C).
- History of severe psychiatric disorder, especially severe depression or suicidal ideation.
Drug Interactions
Methadone
Potential for increased methadone concentrations, leading to toxicity. Monitor for methadone toxicity.
Zidovudine
Increased risk of myelosuppression.
Theophylline
May increase theophylline levels due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Storage
Store in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light. Do not shake vigorously.
Overdose
No specific antidote for Peginterferon alfa-2a overdose. Management involves supportive care and symptomatic treatment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (Peginterferon alfa-2a alone). However, if used in combination with Ribavirin, it is Pregnancy Category X, meaning it is contraindicated in pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after. Avoid during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to peginterferon alfa-2a or any component of the formulation.
- Autoimmune hepatitis.
- Decompensated hepatic disease (Child-Pugh B or C).
- History of severe psychiatric disorder, especially severe depression or suicidal ideation.
Drug Interactions
Methadone
Potential for increased methadone concentrations, leading to toxicity. Monitor for methadone toxicity.
Zidovudine
Increased risk of myelosuppression.
Theophylline
May increase theophylline levels due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Storage
Store in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light. Do not shake vigorously.
Overdose
No specific antidote for Peginterferon alfa-2a overdose. Management involves supportive care and symptomatic treatment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (Peginterferon alfa-2a alone). However, if used in combination with Ribavirin, it is Pregnancy Category X, meaning it is contraindicated in pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after. Avoid during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored as recommended.
Availability
Available in hospitals and specialized pharmacies
Approval Status
DGDA approved
Patent Status
Patent expired, generic versions available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of Peginterferon alfa-2a for chronic hepatitis B and C, leading to its global approval and use.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential, Liver Function Tests (LFTs), Thyroid Function Tests (TFTs), Renal Function Tests (RFTs), Viral load (HBV DNA or HCV RNA).
- Regular ophthalmologic examinations for patients with pre-existing retinopathy or diabetes.
Doctor Notes
- Before initiating therapy, screen patients for psychiatric disorders, autoimmune diseases, and decompensated liver disease.
- Monitor CBC, LFTs, and TSH regularly. Adjust dose for renal impairment.
- Counsel patients on potential psychiatric side effects and advise them to report any mood changes immediately.
Patient Guidelines
- Strictly adhere to the prescribed dosing schedule.
- Learn proper subcutaneous injection technique if self-administering.
- Report any severe side effects, especially mood changes or flu-like symptoms, to your doctor immediately.
- Do not stop treatment without consulting your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed within 2 days of the scheduled dose, administer it as soon as possible. If more than 2 days have passed, skip the missed dose and resume the regular weekly schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Peginterferon alfa-2a may cause fatigue, dizziness, or confusion. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery or driving until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during treatment.
- Practice safe sex to prevent transmission of hepatitis.
- Manage stress and get adequate rest.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.