Pentaglobin
Generic Name
Immunoglobulin, Human Normal (IgM-enriched)
Manufacturer
Biotest Pharma GmbH
Country
Germany
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| pentaglobin 5 gm injection | ৳ 52,000.00 | N/A |
| pentaglobin 25 gm injection | ৳ 26,000.00 | N/A |
| pentaglobin 500 mg injection | ৳ 7,000.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Pentaglobin is an IgM-enriched human normal immunoglobulin solution for intravenous administration, containing a broad spectrum of antibodies against various bacterial and viral pathogens. It is used for passive immunization and immunomodulation, particularly in patients with severe bacterial infections, sepsis, and immunocompromised states.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dosage is 5 ml (250 mg) per kg body weight per day for 3 consecutive days, administered via intravenous infusion. The infusion rate should be adjusted based on patient tolerance.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required, but close monitoring for adverse reactions is recommended.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution and monitor renal function. Dosage adjustment may be necessary in severe cases.
How to Take
Administered as a slow intravenous infusion. Initial infusion rate should be slow (e.g., 0.4 ml/kg/h) and, if well tolerated, can be gradually increased. Do not administer intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Mechanism of Action
Pentaglobin provides passive immunity by supplying a broad spectrum of antibodies (IgG, IgA, and notably IgM) against various pathogens. The IgM component is particularly important for its potent bactericidal and opsonizing activity, neutralization of bacterial toxins, and activation of the complement system, which are crucial in the early stages of severe infections.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Immediate
Excretion
Mainly via the reticuloendothelial system.
Half life
Approximately 1-3 days for IgM, and 21-28 days for IgG (variable depending on patient condition).
Absorption
Immediately and completely available in the systemic circulation after intravenous administration.
Metabolism
Catabolized like endogenous immunoglobulins, broken down into amino acids and peptides.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Known hypersensitivity to human immunoglobulins or any excipients.
- •Patients with severe IgA deficiency who have antibodies against IgA (rare, but a risk for IVIg products).
Drug Interactions
Loop diuretics
Concurrent use may increase the risk of renal adverse events, especially in predisposed patients. Monitor renal function closely.
Live attenuated vaccines
May impair the efficacy of live attenuated vaccines (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella, varicella) for up to 3 months. Vaccination should be postponed after IVIg administration.
Storage
Store between 2°C and 8°C (refrigerate). Do not freeze. Protect from light. Do not use after the expiry date.
Overdose
Overdose is rarely reported. High doses may lead to hyperviscosity, fluid overload, and potential renal dysfunction. Management should be symptomatic and supportive, including monitoring fluid balance and renal function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy and lactation only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks. Immunoglobulins are generally considered safe as they are endogenous substances, but caution is advised and a physician should be consulted.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years when stored correctly
Availability
Available in hospitals and specialized pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by European regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Likely off-patent for generic substance
WHO Essential Medicine
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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