Platosin
Generic Name
Cisplatin
Manufacturer
Generic Pharma Inc.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| platosin 1 mg injection | ৳ 1,687.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Platosin (Cisplatin) is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer, including ovarian, testicular, bladder, and head and neck cancers. It functions by forming cross-links in DNA, ultimately leading to cell death.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Testicular cancer: 20 mg/m² IV daily for 5 days every 3 weeks. Ovarian cancer: 75-100 mg/m² IV once every 3-4 weeks. Bladder cancer: 50-70 mg/m² IV once every 3-4 weeks.
Elderly
Dose adjustments may be necessary based on renal function and overall health.
Renal_impairment
Reduced dosage required; careful monitoring of renal function is essential. Avoid in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Administered intravenously, usually as an infusion over 6-8 hours, often with pre- and post-hydration to prevent nephrotoxicity. Requires professional medical supervision.
Mechanism of Action
Cisplatin acts as an alkylating agent, forming DNA adducts and inter- and intra-strand cross-links. These platinum-DNA adducts disrupt DNA replication and transcription, leading to apoptosis or cell death in rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Immediate after IV administration, but cellular effects develop over hours/days.
Excretion
Primarily renal excretion (27-43% of total platinum excreted in urine within 5 days). Some biliary excretion.
Half life
Initial plasma half-life is 20-30 minutes for unchanged drug; terminal elimination half-life for total platinum can be several days to weeks, due to extensive tissue binding.
Absorption
Administered intravenously; achieves rapid distribution. Poor oral absorption.
Metabolism
Undergoes non-enzymatic degradation in plasma. Metabolized to highly reactive metabolites which bind to proteins and DNA.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment
- Myelosuppression
- Pre-existing hearing impairment
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Hypersensitivity to cisplatin or other platinum-containing compounds
Drug Interactions
Live vaccines
Avoid due to immunosuppression.
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of ototoxicity.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, amphotericin B)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light. Do not refrigerate reconstituted solution (may precipitate).
Overdose
Symptoms include severe myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. No specific antidote. Management is supportive, including blood transfusions, antiemetics, and aggressive hydration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category D for pregnancy (evidence of fetal risk). Contraindicated during lactation due to potential harm to the infant. Effective contraception should be used during and for a period after treatment.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment
- Myelosuppression
- Pre-existing hearing impairment
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Hypersensitivity to cisplatin or other platinum-containing compounds
Drug Interactions
Live vaccines
Avoid due to immunosuppression.
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of ototoxicity.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, amphotericin B)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light. Do not refrigerate reconstituted solution (may precipitate).
Overdose
Symptoms include severe myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. No specific antidote. Management is supportive, including blood transfusions, antiemetics, and aggressive hydration.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category D for pregnancy (evidence of fetal risk). Contraindicated during lactation due to potential harm to the infant. Effective contraception should be used during and for a period after treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored unopened. Reconstituted solution shelf life varies.
Availability
Hospitals, Specialized Oncology Clinics
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cisplatin has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials since its discovery, demonstrating efficacy in various solid tumors. Ongoing research focuses on combination therapies, resistance mechanisms, and mitigation of side effects.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential
- Renal function tests (Creatinine, BUN, GFR)
- Electrolyte levels (Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium)
- Audiometry (before each cycle and periodically)
- Liver function tests
Doctor Notes
- Crucial to ensure adequate pre- and post-hydration.
- Monitor renal function, electrolytes, and CBC meticulously before and during treatment.
- Be prepared for severe emesis; administer aggressive antiemetic prophylaxis.
- Consider audiometry baseline and periodic checks.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any signs of infection, bleeding, or unusual bruising immediately.
- Report any changes in hearing, ringing in the ears, or numbness/tingling.
- Maintain adequate hydration as instructed by your doctor.
- Do not take any new medications without consulting your oncologist.
Missed Dose Advice
As this is an oncology drug administered under strict medical supervision, a missed dose should be immediately reported to the prescribing physician or oncology team for rescheduling.
Driving Precautions
May cause fatigue, nausea, and neurological side effects (e.g., peripheral neuropathy, seizures) that can impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be advised to avoid such activities if affected.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet to support immune function.
- Avoid crowded places and sick individuals to minimize infection risk.
- Discuss any desire for pregnancy or fathering children with your doctor before treatment.
- Avoid alcohol as it may exacerbate side effects.
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Global Brand Names
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