Polylac
Generic Name
polylac-335-gm-oral-solution
Manufacturer
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
Loading images...
Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| polylac 335 gm oral solution | ৳ 120.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Polylac 335 gm Oral Solution contains Lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide used to treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It works by increasing the water content in the stool, making it softer and easier to pass, and by reducing ammonia levels in the blood in liver disease.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Constipation: Initially 15-45 ml daily, adjusted as needed. Hepatic Encephalopathy: Initially 30-45 ml 3-4 times daily, adjusted to produce 2-3 soft stools per day.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but titration may be slower. Monitor for electrolyte imbalance.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment required as it is minimally absorbed and primarily acts locally in the gut. Use with caution in severe cases if electrolyte imbalance is a concern.
How to Take
Can be taken undiluted or diluted with water or fruit juice. Take doses at the same time each day. For hepatic encephalopathy, doses are titrated to achieve desired stool frequency and consistency.
Mechanism of Action
Lactulose is not absorbed systemically. In the colon, gut bacteria metabolize lactulose into lactic acid and other short-chain fatty acids. This process acidifies the colonic contents and increases osmotic pressure, drawing water into the colon. This action softens the stool and stimulates peristalsis, promoting bowel movements. In hepatic encephalopathy, the acidic environment converts ammonia (NH3) to non-absorbable ammonium ions (NH4+), trapping it in the colon and promoting its excretion, thereby reducing blood ammonia levels.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Constipation: 24-48 hours; Hepatic Encephalopathy: 24 hours for initial effect, 2-3 days for full therapeutic effect.
Excretion
Mainly excreted unchanged in feces. Absorbed lactulose is excreted via urine.
Half life
Not applicable due to minimal systemic absorption.
Absorption
Minimally absorbed (<3%) systemically. Primarily acts locally in the colon.
Metabolism
Metabolized by colonic bacteria into lactic acid, acetic acid, and other organic acids.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Galactosemia
- Intestinal obstruction
- Acute abdominal pain of unknown origin
- Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract
Drug Interactions
Antacids
May reduce the desired colonic acidification effect of lactulose.
Non-absorbable antibiotics (e.g., Neomycin)
May interfere with the bacterial breakdown of lactulose in the colon, potentially reducing its efficacy.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Do not freeze. Keep away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include abdominal pain and diarrhea. Treatment involves discontinuing the drug and managing fluid and electrolyte imbalances. In severe cases, intravenous fluid and electrolyte replacement may be necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Considered safe during pregnancy and lactation as systemic absorption is minimal. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Galactosemia
- Intestinal obstruction
- Acute abdominal pain of unknown origin
- Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract
Drug Interactions
Antacids
May reduce the desired colonic acidification effect of lactulose.
Non-absorbable antibiotics (e.g., Neomycin)
May interfere with the bacterial breakdown of lactulose in the colon, potentially reducing its efficacy.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Do not freeze. Keep away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include abdominal pain and diarrhea. Treatment involves discontinuing the drug and managing fluid and electrolyte imbalances. In severe cases, intravenous fluid and electrolyte replacement may be necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Considered safe during pregnancy and lactation as systemic absorption is minimal. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored properly.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by relevant health authorities (e.g., DGDA, FDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Lactulose has been extensively studied for its efficacy in constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Numerous trials support its use in these conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum electrolytes (especially with prolonged high-dose use or in elderly/debilitated patients)
- Blood ammonia levels (in hepatic encephalopathy)
Doctor Notes
- Titrate dose carefully, especially in hepatic encephalopathy, to achieve 2-3 soft stools daily without causing excessive diarrhea.
- Monitor electrolyte levels in patients on high doses or those at risk of imbalance.
- Educate patients on proper fluid intake.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the prescribed dose at the same time each day.
- Drink plenty of fluids while taking this medicine.
- Do not use for prolonged periods without medical advice.
- Report severe diarrhea or abdominal pain to your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered, unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Polylac is not known to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or severe abdominal discomfort, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a high-fiber diet to aid bowel regularity.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
- Regular exercise can help improve bowel function.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.