Promezol
Generic Name
Omeprazole
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| promezol 20 mg capsule | ৳ 5.00 | ৳ 50.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat stomach and esophagus problems such as acid reflux, ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It works by decreasing the amount of acid the stomach makes.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dosage for GERD: 20 mg once daily for 4-8 weeks. For duodenal ulcer: 20 mg once daily for 2-4 weeks. For gastric ulcer: 20 mg once daily for 4-8 weeks. For H. pylori eradication: 20 mg twice daily in combination with antibiotics for 7-14 days. For Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: Initial 60 mg once daily, adjusted as needed. In patients with severe hepatic impairment, a daily dose of 10-20 mg may be sufficient and should be considered.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required for elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function, but caution is advised.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with impaired renal function.
How to Take
Take the capsule whole with a glass of water, preferably in the morning before a meal. Do not chew or crush the capsule.
Mechanism of Action
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that suppresses gastric acid secretion by irreversibly blocking the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme system (the 'proton pump') in the gastric parietal cells. This enzyme is responsible for the final step in acid production.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1 hour
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine (approx. 77%) as metabolites, and a smaller amount in feces (approx. 23%).
Half life
0.5-1 hour
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the small intestine. Bioavailability is about 30-40% after a single oral dose, increasing to approximately 60% after repeated doses (due to reduced first-pass metabolism).
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 system (primarily CYP2C19 and CYP3A4) to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to omeprazole or any component of the formulation
- Concomitant use with Nelfinavir
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased INR/prothrombin time; monitor closely.
Nelfinavir
Decreased nelfinavir levels due to altered gastric pH; contraindicated.
Clopidogrel
Reduced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel (due to inhibition of CYP2C19, which metabolizes clopidogrel to its active form).
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate levels, particularly with high-dose methotrexate; monitor for toxicity.
Diazepam, Phenytoin, Citalopram
Increased plasma concentrations of these drugs due to inhibition of hepatic metabolism.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and headache. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category C. Use only if clearly needed and the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Use with caution. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established omeprazole's efficacy and safety for various acid-related disorders, demonstrating superior acid suppression compared to H2-receptor antagonists and efficacy in H. pylori eradication.
Lab Monitoring
- Magnesium levels (for long-term use, especially with diuretics)
- Bone mineral density (for prolonged high-dose therapy)
- Vitamin B12 levels (for prolonged use)
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on potential long-term risks, especially bone fractures and B12 deficiency, with prolonged use (>1 year).
- Consider calcium and vitamin D supplementation for patients at risk of osteoporosis.
- Be aware of drug interactions, particularly with clopidogrel and nelfinavir.
Patient Guidelines
- Take as directed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Omeprazole is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, some side effects like dizziness or visual disturbances may occur rarely; if experienced, avoid driving.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid spicy, fatty, or acidic foods that can trigger acid reflux.
- Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
- Avoid lying down immediately after eating.
- Elevate the head of your bed.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.