propa
Generic Name
propa-15-mg-tablet
Manufacturer
Hypothetical Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| propa 15 mg tablet | ৳ 7.00 | ৳ 70.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Propa-15 mg Tablet is a beta-blocker primarily used to treat high blood pressure, angina pectoris (chest pain), irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), essential tremor, and for the prophylaxis of migraine headaches. It works by blocking certain natural chemicals in the body, such as epinephrine, that affect the heart and blood vessels.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies greatly depending on the indication. For hypertension, usual starting dose is 40 mg twice daily, adjusted as needed. For 15 mg tablet, individualized dosing should be determined by a physician. May be used in combination with other antihypertensives.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is typically required, but caution should be exercised, and dose titration should be gradual due to potential reduced hepatic and renal function.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment for mild to moderate impairment. In severe renal impairment, monitor closely. Hemodialysis does not significantly remove propa.
Hepatic_impairment
Reduced doses may be required due to extensive hepatic metabolism. Monitor closely for signs of toxicity.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food. It is generally recommended to take with food to increase bioavailability and reduce variability in absorption.
Mechanism of Action
Propa, being a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker, antagonizes beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. This results in decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output, leading to reduced blood pressure. It also inhibits renin release, contributing to its antihypertensive effect. For migraine prophylaxis, its mechanism is thought to involve inhibition of vasodilatation and stabilization of neuronal membranes.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Oral: 30 minutes to 1 hour
Excretion
Mainly excreted in the urine as metabolites. Less than 1% excreted unchanged in urine.
Half life
3-6 hours (increases in hepatic impairment)
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, but subject to significant first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is about 25-50%.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by aromatic hydroxylation and subsequent glucuronidation. Active metabolites are formed.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Sinus bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree (unless a pacemaker is in place)
- Cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure
- Bronchial asthma, history of bronchospasm or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Severe peripheral arterial disease
- Hypersensitivity to propa or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Phenytoin, Rifampin
May decrease propa plasma concentrations.
Cimetidine, Fluoxetine
May increase propa plasma concentrations.
Other Antihypertensives
Additive hypotensive effects.
NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of propa.
Insulin and oral hypoglycemics
Propa may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and alter glucose levels.
Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., Verapamil, Diltiazem)
Increased risk of bradycardia and heart block.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac failure, bronchospasm, and hypoglycemia. Management involves supportive care: atropine for bradycardia, glucagon for cardiac depression, vasopressors for hypotension, and bronchodilators for bronchospasm.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Propa is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Sinus bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree (unless a pacemaker is in place)
- Cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure
- Bronchial asthma, history of bronchospasm or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Severe peripheral arterial disease
- Hypersensitivity to propa or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Phenytoin, Rifampin
May decrease propa plasma concentrations.
Cimetidine, Fluoxetine
May increase propa plasma concentrations.
Other Antihypertensives
Additive hypotensive effects.
NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of propa.
Insulin and oral hypoglycemics
Propa may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and alter glucose levels.
Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., Verapamil, Diltiazem)
Increased risk of bradycardia and heart block.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac failure, bronchospasm, and hypoglycemia. Management involves supportive care: atropine for bradycardia, glucagon for cardiac depression, vasopressors for hypotension, and bronchodilators for bronchospasm.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Propa is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved for marketing (general beta-blocker use)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of beta-blockers like propa in various cardiovascular and neurological conditions. Ongoing research may explore new indications or formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood pressure and heart rate monitoring
- Blood glucose monitoring (especially in diabetics)
- Liver and kidney function tests in prolonged therapy
Doctor Notes
- Caution: Avoid abrupt withdrawal, especially in patients with ischemic heart disease.
- Monitor heart rate and blood pressure regularly.
- Use with caution in patients with diabetes, as it may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia.
- Contraindicated in severe asthma or COPD.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking Propa suddenly without consulting your doctor, as this may worsen your condition.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
- If you have diabetes, monitor your blood sugar regularly, as Propa can mask symptoms of low blood sugar.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Propa may cause dizziness or fatigue, especially at the start of treatment. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a healthy diet low in sodium and saturated fats.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
- Manage stress through relaxation techniques.
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